FORM S-3ASR
Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2023

Registration No. 333-          

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM S-3

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

BRANDYWINE REALTY TRUST

BRANDYWINE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

 

 

Maryland

Delaware

 

23-2413352

23-2862640

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

2929 Arch Street, Suite 1800

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

(610) 325-5600

(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

 

 

Gerard H. Sweeney

President and Chief Executive Officer

2929 Arch Street, Suite 1800

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

(610) 325-5600

(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent For Service)

 

 

Copy to:

Michael H. Friedman, Esquire

Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP

3000 Two Logan Square

Eighteenth and Arch Streets

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103

(215) 981-4000

 

 

Approximate Date of Commencement of Proposed Sale to the Public: From time to time after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box.  ☐

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.  ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.  ☒

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant “Brandywine Realty Trust” is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

 

Large accelerated filer      Accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer      Smaller reporting company  
     Emerging growth company  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant “Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P.” is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

 

Large accelerated filer      Accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer      Smaller reporting company  
     Emerging growth company  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐

 

 

 


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PROSPECTUS

BRANDYWINE REALTY TRUST

Preferred Shares

Common Shares

Depositary Shares

Subscription Rights

and

Warrants

 

 

BRANDYWINE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.

Debt Securities

 

 

Brandywine Realty Trust may offer from time to time its common shares, preferred shares, depository shares, subscription rights or warrants under this prospectus. The common shares of Brandywine Realty Trust are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) under the symbol “BDN.” On February 27, 2023, the last reported sale price of our common shares on the NYSE was $5.98 per share. Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. may offer from time to time its debt securities in one or more series under this prospectus. Brandywine Realty Trust will unconditionally guarantee the payment obligations of the debt securities.

We will offer the securities at prices and on the terms to be determined at the time of offering. We may offer and sell these securities to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly to purchasers, on a continuous or delayed basis.

This prospectus describes some of the general terms that may apply to these securities. The specific terms of any securities to be offered will be described in a supplement to this prospectus. We may describe the terms of these securities in a term sheet that will precede the prospectus supplement.

This prospectus may not be used to sell securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

 

 

You should carefully read and consider this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and the risk factors included in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or in our periodic reports and other information that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission before investing in our securities. See “Risk Factors” on page 3 of this prospectus.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this Prospectus is February 28, 2023.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

     1  

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

     1  

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

     2  

RISK FACTORS

     3  

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

     4  

BRANDYWINE AND THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP

     7  

USE OF PROCEEDS

     8  

DESCRIPTION OF THE DEBT SECURITIES

     9  

DESCRIPTION OF THE SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST

     27  

DESCRIPTION OF THE DEPOSITARY SHARES

     31  

DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS

     35  

DESCRIPTION OF THE WARRANTS

     36  

PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW AND OF BRANDYWINE’S DECLARATION OF TRUST AND BYLAWS

     37  

SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS

     40  

MATERIAL FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

     41  

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

     42  

LEGAL MATTERS

     44  

EXPERTS

     44  

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized any dealer, salesman or other person to provide you with additional or different information. This prospectus and any prospectus supplement are not an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the securities to which they relate and are not an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make an offer or solicitation in that jurisdiction. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or in any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date of the document containing the information. Since the respective dates of the prospectus contained in this registration statement and any accompanying prospectus supplement, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed. We may only use this prospectus to sell the securities if it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

 

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a shelf registration process for the delayed offering and sale of securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. Under the shelf registration statement, Brandywine Realty Trust may sell any combination of common shares, preferred shares, depositary shares, subscription rights and warrants in one or more offerings, and Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. may sell debt securities of various terms in one or more offerings. In addition, under the shelf registration statement, persons who have acquired common shares from us may resell these common shares from time to time. Any such persons will be named in a prospectus supplement to this prospectus as and to the extent required by SEC rules. We will not receive any proceeds from the resale by any such selling security holders of common shares.

As used in this prospectus and the registration statement on Form S-3 of which this prospectus is a part, unless the context otherwise requires, references to “Brandywine” refer to Brandywine Realty Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust, or “REIT”; references to the “Operating Partnership” refer to Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership; and references to “we,” “us,” “our” or similar expressions refer collectively to Brandywine Realty Trust and its consolidated subsidiaries (including the Operating Partnership) unless the context otherwise indicates.

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities that we may offer under this prospectus. Each time we sell securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus.

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and, if applicable, any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with any other information. If you receive any other information, you should not rely on it. No offer to sell these securities is being made in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus and, if applicable, any prospectus supplement or any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front cover of this prospectus or on the front cover of the applicable prospectus supplement or documents or as specifically indicated in the document. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

Statements contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement about the provisions or contents of any agreement or any other document are not necessarily complete. If the SEC rules and regulations require that an agreement or document be filed as an exhibit to the shelf registration statement, please see that agreement or document for a complete description of these matters. You should read both this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement together with the additional information described under the caption “Where You Can Find More Information” below.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

Brandywine and the Operating Partnership file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The filings of Brandywine and the Operating Partnership with the SEC are available to the public on the Internet at the SEC’s web site at http://www.sec.gov.

You can inspect reports, proxy statements and other information that Brandywine files at the offices of the New York Stock Exchange at 11 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005.

 

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INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information into this prospectus. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document. Any information referred to in this way is considered part of this prospectus from the date we file that document.

Any reports filed by us with the SEC after the date of this prospectus and before the date that the offering of the securities by means of this prospectus is terminated will automatically update and, where applicable, supersede any information contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the following documents or information filed with the SEC (other than, in each case, documents or information deemed furnished and not filed in accordance with SEC rules, and no such information shall be deemed specifically incorporated by reference hereby):

 

   

Annual Report on Form 10-K of Brandywine Realty Trust for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 filed on February 21, 2023;

 

   

Annual Report on Form 10-K of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 filed on February 21, 2023;

 

   

Current Report on Form 8-K of Brandywine Realty Trust filed on January 20, 2023;

 

   

Current Report on Form 8-K of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. filed on January 20, 2023;

 

   

The description of the shares of beneficial interest of Brandywine Realty Trust in the Registration Statements on Form 8-A of Brandywine Realty Trust filed on October  14, 1997, December 29, 2003, February 5, 2004 and April 6, 2012; and

 

   

All documents filed by either Brandywine Realty Trust or Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, after the date of the initial registration statement and prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, as well as all such documents filed by us with the SEC subsequent to the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of this offering.

To receive a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus (other than exhibits, unless they are specifically incorporated by reference in the documents), write us at the following address or call us at the telephone number listed below:

BRANDYWINE REALTY TRUST

2929 Arch Street, Suite 1800

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

Telephone: (610) 832-7434

Brandywine also maintains a web site at http://www.brandywinerealty.com through which you can obtain copies of documents that Brandywine and the Operating Partnership have filed with the SEC. The contents of that site are not incorporated by reference in or otherwise a part of this prospectus.

 

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RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks described in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus before making an investment decision. These risks are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected by the materialization of any of these risks. The trading price of our securities could decline due to the materialization of any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment. This prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference also contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including the risks described in the documents incorporated herein by reference, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 and the documents we file with the SEC after the date of this prospectus and which are deemed incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

 

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and any prospectus supplement, may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements of each of Brandywine and the Operating Partnership to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations, are generally identifiable by use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “intend,” “project,” or the negative of these words, or other similar words or terms. Factors which could materially and adversely affect us include, but are not limited to the following:    

 

   

the impact of epidemics, pandemics, or other outbreaks of illness, disease or virus (such as COVID-19 and its variants) and the actions taken by government authorities and others related thereto, including actions that restrict or limit the ability of our Company, our properties and our tenants to operate;

 

   

adverse changes in national and local economic conditions, the real estate industry and the commercial real estate markets in which we operate, which would have a negative effect on, among other things:

 

   

overall market occupancy levels and demand for office and other commercial space and rental rates;

 

   

the financial condition of our tenants, many of which are financial, legal and other professional firms, our lenders, counterparties to our derivative financial instruments and institutions that hold our cash balances and short-term investments, which may expose us to increased risks of default by these parties;

 

   

the availability of financing on attractive terms or at all, which may adversely impact our future interest expense and our ability to pursue acquisition and development opportunities and refinance existing debt; and

 

   

real estate asset valuations, a decline in which may limit our ability to dispose of assets at attractive prices or obtain or maintain debt financing secured by our properties or on an unsecured basis.

 

   

competition from other owners, developers and investors, including for tenants and investment opportunities;

 

   

our failure to lease unoccupied space in accordance with our projections;

 

   

our failure to re-lease occupied space upon expiration of leases;

 

   

tenant defaults and the bankruptcy of major tenants;

 

   

volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital;

 

   

increasing interest rates, which could increase our borrowing costs and adversely affect the market price of our securities;

 

   

failure of interest rate hedging contracts to perform as expected and the effectiveness of such arrangements;

 

   

failure of acquisitions, developments and other investments, including projects undertaken through joint ventures and equity investments in third parties, to perform as expected;

 

   

unanticipated costs associated with the purchase, integration and operation of our acquisitions;

 

   

inflation, which, among other things, would increase our operating expenses and costs for supplies and labor;

 

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unanticipated costs and delays to complete, lease-up and operate our developments and redevelopments, including on account of shortages of, and delays in shipping of, supplies and materials for our developments and redevelopments;

 

   

unanticipated costs associated with land development, including building and construction moratoriums and inability to obtain necessary zoning, land-use, building, occupancy and other required governmental approvals, construction cost increases or overruns and construction delays;

 

   

lack of liquidity of real estate investments, which could make it difficult for us to respond to changing economic or financial conditions or changes in the operating performance of our properties;

 

   

potential damage from natural disasters, including hurricanes and other weather-related events, which could result in substantial costs to us;

 

   

impairment charges;

 

   

uninsured losses due to insurance deductibles, self-insurance retention, uninsured claims or casualties, or losses in excess of applicable coverage;

 

   

increased costs for, or lack of availability of, adequate insurance, including for terrorist acts or environmental liabilities;

 

   

actual or threatened terrorist attacks;

 

   

security breaches through cyber attacks, cyber intrusions or otherwise, as well as other significant disruptions of our information technology (IT) networks and related systems, which support our operations and our properties;

 

   

the impact on workplace and tenant space demands driven by technology, employee culture and commuting patterns;

 

   

demand for tenant services beyond those traditionally provided by landlords;

 

   

liability and clean-up costs incurred under environmental or other laws;

 

   

risks associated with our investments in real estate ventures and unconsolidated entities, including our lack of sole decision-making authority and our reliance on our venture partners’ financial condition;

 

   

inability of real estate venture partners to fund venture obligations or perform under our real estate venture development agreements;

 

   

failure to manage our growth effectively into new product types within our portfolio and real estate venture arrangements;

 

   

failure of dispositions to close in a timely manner;

 

   

the impact of climate change and compliance costs relating to laws and regulations governing climate change;

 

   

risks associated with federal, state and local tax audits;

 

   

complex regulations relating to our status as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, and the adverse consequences of our failure to qualify as a REIT;

 

   

changes in accounting principles, or their application or interpretation, and our ability to make estimates and the assumptions underlying the estimates, which could have an effect on our earnings; and

 

   

our internal control over financial reporting may not be considered effective which could result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial reports, and in turn could have an adverse effect on the market price of our securities.

 

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All of the above factors and the other risks identified in the “Risk Factors” section and other sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and the risks identified in the “Risk Factors” section of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, if any, should be considered in evaluating any forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement.

In light of these uncertainties and risks, prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Except with respect to such material changes to our risk factors as may be reflected from time to time in our quarterly filings or as otherwise required by law, we are under no obligation to, and expressly disclaim any obligation to, update or revise any forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Because of the factors referred to above, the future events discussed in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement may not occur and actual results, performance or achievement could differ materially from that anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

 

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BRANDYWINE AND THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP

Brandywine is a self-administered and self-managed REIT that provides leasing, property management, development, redevelopment, acquisition and other tenant-related services for a portfolio of office, residential, retail and mixed-use properties. Brandywine was organized and commenced operations in 1986 as a Maryland REIT. The Operating Partnership was formed and commenced operations in 1996 as a Delaware limited partnership. Brandywine owns its assets and conducts its operations through the Operating Partnership and subsidiaries of the Operating Partnership. Brandywine is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership and, as of December 31, 2022, owned a 99.7% interest in the Operating Partnership.

Our executive offices are located at 2929 Arch Street, Suite 1800, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and our telephone number is (610) 325-5600.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, Brandywine expects to contribute or otherwise transfer the net proceeds of any sale of securities to the Operating Partnership in exchange for additional partnership interests in the Operating Partnership, the economic terms of which will be substantially identical to those of the securities sold.

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the Operating Partnership expects to use those net proceeds and any net proceeds from any sale of its debt securities for general business purposes, including, without limitation, working capital, capital expenditures, repayment, repurchase and refinancing of outstanding debt and the acquisition or development of office and other properties.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE DEBT SECURITIES

The following is a summary of the general terms and provisions of the indenture under which the debt securities will be issued by the Operating Partnership. The particular terms and provisions of the debt securities with respect to a specific offering of debt securities will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. This summary of general terms and provisions of the indenture and the debt securities does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, all provisions of the indenture and those debt securities.

The debt securities will be issued by the Operating Partnership under the indenture dated as of October 22, 2004, as amended or supplemented from time to time, among the Operating Partnership, Brandywine and The Bank of New York Mellon (formerly known as The Bank of New York) as trustee. The indenture is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and will be available for inspection at the corporate trust office of the trustee or as described under “Where You Can Find More Information.” The indenture is qualified under, subject to, and governed by, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.

All section references appearing herein are to sections of the indenture, and capitalized terms used but not defined herein will have the respective meanings set forth in the indenture.

General

The debt securities will be direct, unsecured obligations of the Operating Partnership. Except for any series of debt securities which is expressly subordinated to other indebtedness of the Operating Partnership, the debt securities will rank equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of the Operating Partnership. Under the indenture, the debt securities may be issued without limit as to aggregate principal amount, in one or more series, as established from time to time pursuant to authority granted by a resolution of the Board of Trustees of Brandywine as sole general partner of the Operating Partnership or as established in one or more supplemental indentures to the indenture. All of the debt securities of any one series need not be issued at the same time and, unless otherwise provided, a series may be reopened, without the consent of the holders of the debt securities of that series, for issuances of additional debt securities of that series (Section 301). All debt securities of a particular series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination, date of issuance, issue price and the date from which interest, if any, shall accrue.

Brandywine will, under the indenture, fully and unconditionally guarantee the due and punctual payment of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on all debt securities issued by the Operating Partnership, and the due and punctual payment of any sinking fund payments on those debt securities, when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at a maturity date, by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

The indenture requires any subsidiary of the Operating Partnership that is a significant subsidiary (as defined in Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act) to provide a full and unconditional guaranty as to payment of principal and premium, if any, and interest on the debt securities issued by the Operating Partnership not later than 180 days following the date on which that subsidiary becomes a guarantor under our principal credit agreement. We refer to any such “significant” subsidiary that becomes a guarantor under our principal credit agreement as a “Subsidiary Guarantor” and, together with Brandywine, as the “Guarantors.” As of the date of this prospectus, we have no significant subsidiaries that are guarantors under our principal credit agreement.

If for any reason the obligations of a significant subsidiary that has become a Subsidiary Guarantor terminate under our principal credit agreement, such Subsidiary Guarantor will be deemed released from all of its obligations under the indenture and its guarantee will terminate (Sections 1401 and 1404).

The indenture provides that there may be more than one trustee for any one or more series of debt securities. Any trustee under the indenture may resign or be removed with respect to one or more series of debt securities, and a

 

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successor trustee may be appointed to act with respect to that series (Section 610). Except as otherwise indicated in this prospectus or the applicable prospectus supplement, any action to be taken by the trustee may be taken by each such trustee with respect to, and only with respect to, the one or more series of debt securities for which it is trustee under the indenture.

Terms

The applicable prospectus supplement relating to the series of debt securities being offered will describe the specific terms and provisions of those debt securities, including the following:

(1) the title of the debt securities;

(2) the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities and any limit on that aggregate principal amount;

(3) the percentage of the principal amount at which the debt securities will be issued and, if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof;

(4) the date or dates, or the manner of determining the date or dates, on which the principal of the debt securities will be payable;

(5) the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable), or the method by which the rate or rates will be determined, at which the debt securities will bear interest, if any;

(6) the date or dates, or the method for determining the date or dates, from which any interest will accrue, the interest payment dates on which that interest will be payable, the regular record dates for interest payment dates, or the method by which those dates will be determined, the person to whom interest will be payable, and the basis upon which interest will be calculated if other than that of a 360- day year of twelve 30-day months;

(7) the place or places where the principal of and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on the debt securities will be payable and where notices or demands to or upon the Operating Partnership in respect of the debt securities and the indenture may be served;

(8) the period or periods within which, or the date or dates on which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which the debt securities may be redeemed, as a whole or in part, at the option of the Operating Partnership, if the Operating Partnership is to have such an option;

(9) the obligation, if any, of the Operating Partnership to redeem, repay or repurchase the debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of the holders, and the period or periods within which, or the date or dates on which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which the debt securities are required to be redeemed, repaid or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to that obligation;

(10) if other than U.S. dollars, the currency or currencies in which the debt securities are denominated and/or payable, which may be a foreign currency or units of two or more foreign currencies or a composite currency or currencies, and the terms and conditions relating thereto;

(11) whether the amount of payments of principal of and premium, if any, or interest, if any, on the debt securities may be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method (which index, formula or method may, but need not, be based on a currency, currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies) and the manner in which those amounts will be determined;

(12) any additions to, modifications of or inapplicability of the terms of the debt securities with respect to the events of default or covenants or other provisions set forth in the indenture;

 

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(13) whether the debt securities will be issued in global or book-entry form or definitive certificated form, and whether the debt securities will be issued in bearer form;

(14) if other than $5,000 and any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof, the denominations in which the debt securities shall be issuable;

(15) the applicability, if any, of the defeasance and covenant defeasance provisions of the indenture, or any modification thereof;

(16) the extent and manner, if any, to which payments on the debt securities may be subordinated to other indebtedness of the Operating Partnership;

(17) whether and under what circumstances the Operating Partnership will pay additional amounts as contemplated in the indenture on the debt securities in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge and, if so, whether the Operating Partnership will have the option to redeem the debt securities in lieu of paying additional amounts; and

(18) any other terms of the debt securities not inconsistent with the provisions of the indenture (Section 301).

The debt securities may provide for less than the entire principal amount of those debt securities to be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof (“original issue discount securities”). The applicable prospectus supplement will describe special U.S. federal income tax, accounting and other considerations applicable to the original issue discount securities.

The indenture does not contain any provisions (other than as described under “Covenants—Limitations on Incurrence of Indebtedness and Incurrence of Liens”) that would limit the ability of the Operating Partnership to incur indebtedness or that would afford holders of debt securities protection in the event of a highly leveraged or similar transaction involving the Operating Partnership. However, restrictions on ownership and transfers of Brandywine’s common shares and preferred shares, designed to preserve Brandywine’s status as a REIT, may prevent or hinder a change of control. Reference is made to the applicable prospectus supplement for information with respect to any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the events of default or covenants of the Operating Partnership that are described below, including any addition of a covenant or other provision providing event risk or similar protection.

Guarantees

Brandywine will, under the indenture, fully and unconditionally guarantee the due and punctual payment of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on all debt securities issued by the Operating Partnership, and the due and punctual payment of any sinking fund payments on those debt securities, when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at a maturity date, by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

The indenture requires any “significant” subsidiary to provide a full and unconditional guaranty as to payment of principal and premium, if any, and interest on the debt securities issued by the Operating Partnership not later than 180 days following the date on which that subsidiary becomes a guarantor under our principal credit agreement. As of the date of this prospectus, we have no significant subsidiaries that are guarantors under our principal credit agreement.

If for any reason the obligations of a significant subsidiary that has become a Subsidiary Guarantor terminate under our principal credit agreement, such Subsidiary Guarantor will be deemed released from all of its obligations under the indenture and its guarantee will terminate (Sections 1401 and 1404).

 

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Denominations

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities of any series shall be issuable only in registered form without coupons and, other than securities in global form (which may be of any denomination), will be issuable in denominations of $5,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof (Section 302).

Payments

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on any series of debt securities will be payable at the corporate trust office of the trustee. However, at the option of the Operating Partnership, payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the person entitled thereto as it appears in the security register or by wire transfer of funds to that person at a bank account maintained within the United States (Sections 307 and 1002).

All amounts paid by the Operating Partnership to a paying agent or a trustee for the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any debt security which remain unclaimed at the end of two years after the principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to the Operating Partnership, and the holder of the debt security thereafter may look only to the Operating Partnership for payment of these amounts.

Any interest not punctually paid or duly provided for on any interest payment date with respect to a debt security will forthwith cease to be payable to the holder on the applicable regular record date and may either be paid to the person in whose name that debt security is registered at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of that defaulted interest to be fixed by the trustee or may be paid at any time in any other lawful manner, all in accordance with the indenture (Section 307). Notice of any special record date will be given to the holder of that debt security not less than 10 days prior to the special record date.

Registration and Transfer

Subject to certain limitations imposed upon debt securities issued in book-entry form, the debt securities of any series will be exchangeable for other debt securities of the same series, of a like aggregate principal amount and tenor, of different authorized denominations upon surrender of such debt securities at the corporate trust office of the trustee. In addition, subject to certain limitations imposed upon debt securities issued in book-entry form, the debt securities of any series may be surrendered for registration of transfer at the corporate trust office of the trustee.

Every debt security surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange will be duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer. No service charge will be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of any debt securities, but the Operating Partnership may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith (Section 305).

If the applicable prospectus supplement refers to any transfer agent (in addition to the trustee) initially designated by the Operating Partnership and the Guarantors with respect to any series of debt securities, the Operating Partnership may at any time rescind the designation of that transfer agent or approve a change in the location through which that transfer agent acts, except that the Operating Partnership and the Guarantors will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for that series. The Operating Partnership and the Guarantors may at any time designate additional transfer agents with respect to any series of debt securities (Section 1002).

Neither the Operating Partnership nor the trustee will be required to:

(1) issue, register the transfer of or exchange debt securities of any series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before any selection of debt securities of that series to be redeemed and ending at the close of business of the day of mailing of the relevant notice of redemption;

 

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(2) register the transfer of or exchange any debt security, or portion thereof, called for redemption, except the unredeemed portion of any debt security being redeemed in part; or

(3) issue, register the transfer of or exchange any debt security which has been surrendered for repayment at the option of the holder, except that portion, if any, of such debt security which is not to be so repaid (Section 305).

Merger, Consolidation or Sale

The Operating Partnership may consolidate with, or sell, lease or convey all or substantially all of its assets to, or merge with or into, any other entity, provided that the following conditions are satisfied or fulfilled:

(1) either the Operating Partnership is the continuing entity, or the successor (if other than the Operating Partnership) formed by or resulting from any such consolidation or merger or which has received the transfer of those assets is organized under the laws of the United States of America and expressly assumes payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on all of the debt securities and the due and punctual performance and observance of all of the covenants and conditions contained in the indenture;

(2) immediately after giving effect to the transaction and taking into account any indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the Operating Partnership or any Subsidiary at the time of the transaction, no event of default under the indenture, and no event which, after notice or the lapse of time, or both, would become an event of default, has occurred and is continuing; and

(3) an officer’s certificate of Brandywine as general partner of the Operating Partnership and a legal opinion covering these conditions is delivered to the trustee (Section 801).

The Guarantors may consolidate with, or sell, lease or convey all or substantially all of their respective assets to, or merge with or into, any other entity, provided that substantially the same conditions as above are satisfied or fulfilled (Section 803).

Conversion and Exchange Rights

The terms and conditions, if any, upon which any series of debt securities will be convertible into or exchangeable for Brandywine common shares or other securities will be set forth in an applicable prospectus supplement. Such terms will include, as applicable, the conversion price or exchange rate, the conversion or exchange period, provisions as to whether conversion or exchange of the debt securities will be at the option of the holder or the Operating Partnership, the events requiring an adjustment to the conversion price or exchange rate and provisions affecting the conversion or exchange of the debt securities in the event that the debt securities are redeemed.

Covenants

Limitations on Incurrence of Indebtedness and Incurrence of Liens

The Operating Partnership will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, incur any Indebtedness, other than Intercompany Indebtedness, if, immediately after giving effect to the incurrence of that additional Indebtedness and the application of the proceeds thereof, the aggregate principal amount of all of its outstanding Indebtedness and that of its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis is greater than 60% of the sum of (without duplication):

(1) the Total Assets of the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries as of the end of the calendar quarter covered in its Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as the case may be, most recently filed with the SEC (or, if such filing is not permitted under the Exchange Act, with the trustee) prior to the incurrence of that additional Indebtedness; and

 

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(2) the purchase price of any assets included in the definition of Total Assets acquired, and the amount of any securities offering proceeds received (to the extent that the proceeds were not used to acquire assets included with Total Assets or used to reduce Indebtedness), by the Operating Partnership or any of its Subsidiaries since the end of that calendar quarter, including those proceeds obtained in connection with the incurrence of that additional Indebtedness.

The Operating Partnership also will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, incur any Indebtedness secured by any Encumbrance upon any of its properties or any of its Subsidiaries’ properties, whether owned at the date of the indenture or thereafter acquired, if, immediately after giving effect to the incurrence of that additional Indebtedness secured by an Encumbrance and the application of the proceeds thereof, the aggregate principal amount of its outstanding indebtedness and that of its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis which is secured by any Encumbrance on its properties or any of its Subsidiaries’ properties is greater than 40% of the sum of (without duplication):

(1) the Total Assets of the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries as of the end of the calendar quarter covered in its Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as the case may be, most recently filed with the SEC (or, if such filing is not permitted under the Exchange Act, with the trustee) prior to the incurrence of that additional Indebtedness; and

(2) the purchase price of any assets included in the definition of Total Assets acquired, and the amount of any securities offering proceeds received (to the extent that such proceeds were not used to acquire assets included in the definition of Total Assets or used to reduce Indebtedness), by the Operating Partnership or any of its Subsidiaries since the end of that calendar quarter, including those proceeds obtained in connection with the incurrence of that additional Indebtedness.

In addition, the Operating Partnership will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, incur any Indebtedness if the ratio of Consolidated Income Available for Debt Service to Annual Debt Service Charge for the four consecutive fiscal quarters most recently ended prior to the date on which that additional Indebtedness is to be incurred will be less than 1.5:1 on a pro forma basis after giving effect thereto and to the application of the proceeds therefrom, and calculated on the assumption that:

(1) that Indebtedness and any other Indebtedness incurred by the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries since the first day of that four-quarter period and the application of the proceeds therefrom, including to refinance other Indebtedness, had occurred at the beginning of that four-quarter period;

(2) the repayment or retirement of any other Indebtedness by the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries since the first day of that four-quarter period had been repaid or retired at the beginning of that four-quarter period (except that, for purposes of this computation, the amount of Indebtedness under any revolving credit facility will be computed based upon the average daily balance of that Indebtedness during that four-quarter period);

(3) in the case of Acquired Indebtedness or Indebtedness incurred in connection with any acquisition since the first day of that four- quarter period, the acquisition had occurred as of the first day of that four-quarter period with the appropriate adjustments with respect to the acquisition being included in the pro forma calculation; and

(4) in the case of any acquisition or disposition by the Operating Partnership or any of its Subsidiaries of any asset or group of assets since the first day of that four-quarter period, whether by merger, stock purchase or sale, or asset purchase or sale, the acquisition or disposition or any related repayment of Indebtedness had occurred as of the first day of that four-quarter period with the appropriate adjustments with respect to the acquisition or disposition being included in the pro forma calculation (Section 1006).

Maintenance of Unencumbered Assets

The Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries will at all times maintain Total Unencumbered Assets of not less than 150% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of its Unsecured Indebtedness and that of its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis (Section 1006).

 

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Provision of Financial Information

So long as any debt securities are outstanding and whether or not required by the SEC, Brandywine and the Operating Partnership will furnish to the trustee within 15 days of the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations:

(1) all annual and quarterly financial information that would be required to be contained in filings with the SEC on Forms 10-K and 10-Q if Brandywine and the Operating Partnership were required to file those filings, including a “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and, with respect to the annual information only, a report on the annual financial statements by our certified independent accountants; and

(2) all current reports that would be required to be filed with the SEC on Form 8-K if Brandywine and the Operating Partnership were required to file such reports.

If Brandywine or the Operating Partnership is not subject to Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act, Brandywine or the Operating Partnership, as the case may be, will (A) furnish to the holders of the debt securities, without cost to such holders, a copy of the information and reports referred to in clauses (1) and (2) above within 15 days of the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations, and (B) upon written request and payment of the reasonable cost of duplication and delivery, promptly supply to any prospective holder of the debt securities a copy of the information and reports referred to in clauses (1) and (2) above.

In addition, whether or not required by the SEC, Brandywine and the Operating Partnership will file a copy of the information and reports referred to in clauses (1) and (2) above with the SEC for public availability within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations (unless the SEC will not accept such a filing) (Section 704).

Waiver of Certain Covenants

The Operating Partnership and the Guarantors may choose not to comply with any term, provision or condition of the preceding covenants, and with any other term, provision or condition with respect to the debt securities (except for any term, provision or condition which could not be amended without the consent of all holders of debt securities), if at any time the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of all the outstanding debt securities, by act of those holders, either waive compliance in that instance or generally waive compliance with that covenant. Except to the extent so expressly waived, and until any waiver becomes effective, the Operating Partnership’s and the Guarantors’ obligations and the duties of the trustee in respect of any such term, provision or condition will remain in full force and effect (Section 1010).

Other Covenants Existence

Except as permitted under “Merger, Consolidation or Sale,” each of the Operating Partnership and the Guarantors will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence, rights (declaration and statutory) and franchises; provided, however, that neither the Operating Partnership nor any Guarantor will be required to preserve any right or franchise if it determines that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of its business and that the loss of that right or franchise is not disadvantageous in any material respect to the holders of the debt securities (Section 1005).

Maintenance of Properties

Each of the Operating Partnership and the Guarantors will cause all of its material properties used or useful in the conduct of its business or the business of any of its Subsidiaries to be maintained and kept in good condition, repair and working order, all as in the judgment of the Operating Partnership or the applicable Guarantor may be necessary so that the business carried on in connection with those properties may be properly and advantageously

 

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conducted at all times; provided, however, that neither the Operating Partnership nor any Guarantor nor any of their respective Subsidiaries will be prevented from selling or otherwise disposing of their properties for value in the ordinary course of business (Section 1007).

Insurance

Each of the Operating Partnership and the Guarantors will cause each of its and its Subsidiaries’ insurable properties to be insured in a commercially reasonable amount against loss of damage with insurers of recognized responsibility and, if described in the applicable prospectus supplement, in specified amounts and with insurers having a specified rating from a recognized insurance rating service (Section 1008).

Payment of Taxes and Other Claims

Each of the Operating Partnership and the Guarantors will pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before becoming delinquent:

 

   

all taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or imposed upon it or any of its Subsidiaries or upon its income, profits or property or that of any of its Subsidiaries; and

 

   

all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a lien upon its property or the property of any of its Subsidiaries;

provided, however, that neither the Operating Partnership nor any Guarantor will be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount or applicability is being contested in good faith (Section 1009).

Additional Covenants

The applicable prospectus supplement relating to the series of debt securities being offered will describe any additional covenants specific to that series.

Events of Default, Notice and Waiver

Unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, the indenture provides that the following events will be “events of default” with respect to each series of debt securities issued under the indenture:

(1) default for 30 days in the payment of any interest on any debt security of that series;

(2) default in the payment of any principal of or premium, if any, on any debt security of that series when due;

(3) default in making any sinking fund payment as required for any debt security of that series;

(4) default in the performance of any other covenant or warranty of the Operating Partnership and/or any of the Guarantors contained in the indenture with respect to any debt security of that series, which continues for 60 days after written notice as provided in the indenture;

(5) default in the payment of an aggregate principal amount exceeding $25,000,000 of any evidence of indebtedness of the Operating Partnership and/or any of the Guarantors or any mortgage, indenture, note, bond, capitalized lease or other instrument under which that indebtedness is issued or by which that indebtedness is secured, such default having continued after the expiration of any applicable grace period or having resulted in the acceleration of the maturity of that indebtedness, but only if that indebtedness is not discharged or such acceleration is not rescinded or annulled;

(6) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, or court appointment of a receiver, liquidator or trustee of the Operating Partnership, Brandywine, any Subsidiary Guarantor or any other Significant Subsidiary or any of their respective properties;

 

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(7) except as otherwise permitted in the Indenture, any guarantee of the debt securities of any series is held in any judicial proceeding to be unenforceable or invalid or shall cease for any reason to be in full force and effect, or Brandywine or any Subsidiary Guarantor that is a Significant Subsidiary shall deny or disaffirm its obligations under its guarantee with respect to the debt securities of the applicable series; and

(8) any other event of default provided with respect to a particular series of debt securities (Section 501).

If an event of default (other than as described in clause (6) above) with respect to debt securities of any series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing, then in each case the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may declare the principal (or, if the debt securities of that series are original issue discount securities or indexed securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms thereof) of and premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on all of the debt securities of that series to be due and payable immediately by written notice thereof to the Operating Partnership and Brandywine (and to the trustee if given by the holders). If an event of default described in clause (6) above occurs and is continuing, the principal (or such portion thereof) of and premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on all of the debt securities of that series will become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the trustee or any holders. However, at any time after any acceleration with respect to debt securities of that series, but before a judgment or decree for payment of the amounts due has been obtained by the trustee, the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of outstanding debt securities of that series may rescind and annul that acceleration and its consequences if (1) the Operating Partnership or any Guarantor has paid or deposited with the trustee all required payments of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the debt securities of that series (without giving effect to the acceleration) plus certain fees, expenses, disbursements and, premium, if any, advances of the trustee and (2) all events of default, other than the nonpayment of accelerated principal, premium, if any, or interest with respect to debt securities of that series, have been cured or waived as provided in the indenture (Section 502). The indenture also provides that the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may waive any past default with respect to that series and its consequences, except a default (A) in the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any debt security of that series or (B) in respect of a covenant or provision contained in the indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holder of each outstanding debt security affected thereby (Section 513).

The trustee will be required to give notice to the holders of debt securities within 90 days of a default under the indenture; provided, however, that the trustee may withhold notice to the holders of any series of debt securities of any default with respect to that series (except a default in the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any debt securities of that series or in the payment of any sinking fund installment in respect of any debt securities of that series) if the responsible officers of the trustee consider withholding of notice to be in the interest of the holders (Section 602).

The indenture provides that no holders of debt securities of any series may institute any judicial or other proceedings with respect to the indenture or for any remedy thereunder, except in the case of failure of the trustee, for 60 days, to act after it has received a written request to institute proceedings in respect of an event of default from the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, as well as an offer of security or indemnity satisfactory to it (Section 507). This provision will not prevent, however, any holder of debt securities from instituting suit for the enforcement of payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the debt securities at the respective due date or dates for payment (Section 508).

Subject to provisions in the indenture relating to its duties in case of default, the trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request or direction of any holders of debt securities of any series then outstanding under the indenture, unless the holders offer to the trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to it (Section 603). The holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount

 

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of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or of exercising any trust or power conferred upon the trustee for that series. However, the trustee may refuse to follow any direction which is in conflict with any law or the indenture, which may involve the trustee in personal liability or which may be unduly prejudicial to the holders of debt securities of that series not joining in the proceeding (Section 512).

Within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, the Operating Partnership and Brandywine must deliver to the trustee a certificate, signed by one of several specified officers of the general partner of the Operating Partnership and of Brandywine, stating whether or not such officers have knowledge of any default under the indenture and, if so, specifying each such default and the nature and status thereof (Section 1004).

Modification of the Indenture

Modifications and amendments of provisions of the indenture applicable to any series may be made only with consent of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of all outstanding debt securities which are affected by the modification or amendment; provided, however, that no such modification or amendment may, without the consent of the holder of each debt security affected thereby:

(1) change the stated maturity of the principal of, or any installment of interest or premium, if any, on, that debt security;

(2) reduce the principal amount of, or the rate or amount of interest on, or any premium payable on redemption of, that debt security, or reduce the amount of principal of an original issue discount security that would be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof or would be provable in bankruptcy, or adversely affect any right of repayment of the holder of that debt security;

(3) change the place of payment, or the coin or currency, for payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on that debt security;

(4) impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or with respect to that debt security on or after the stated maturity thereof;

(5) reduce the above-stated percentage of outstanding debt securities of any series necessary to modify or amend the indenture, to waive compliance with certain provisions thereof or specified defaults and consequences thereunder or to reduce the quorum or voting requirements set forth in the indenture;

(6) modify or affect in any manner adverse to the holders the terms and conditions of the obligations of any of the Guarantors under the guarantees applicable to that debt security (other than releases of guarantees when a Subsidiary Guarantor’s guarantee under our principal credit agreement is terminated); or

(7) modify any of the foregoing provisions or any of the provisions relating to the waiver of certain past defaults or certain covenants, except to increase the required percentage to effect that action or to provide that certain other provisions may not be modified or waived without the consent of the holder of that debt security (Section 902).

The holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of outstanding debt securities of a particular series have the right to waive compliance by the Operating Partnership and the Guarantors with certain covenants in the indenture relating to that series (Section 1010).

Modifications and amendments of the indenture may be made by the Operating Partnership, the Guarantors and the trustee without the consent of any holder of debt securities for any of the following purposes:

(1) to evidence the succession of another person to the Operating Partnership as obligor, or to any of the Guarantors under the indenture;

 

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(2) to add to the covenants of the Operating Partnership or any of the Guarantors for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities or to surrender any right or power conferred upon the Operating Partnership or any of the Guarantors in the indenture;

(3) to add events of default for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities;

(4) to change or eliminate any provisions of the indenture, provided that the change or elimination will become effective only when there are no outstanding debt securities of any series created prior thereto which are entitled to the benefit of such provision;

(5) to secure, or add additional guarantees with respect to, the debt securities;

(6) to establish the form or terms of debt securities of any series;

(7) to provide for the acceptance of appointment by a successor trustee or facilitate the administration of the trust under the indenture by more than one trustee;

(8) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture, provided that such action will not adversely affect the interests of holders of debt securities of any series in any material respect; or

(9) to supplement any of the provisions of the indenture to the extent necessary to permit or facilitate defeasance and discharge of any series of such debt securities, provided that such action will not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the debt securities of any series in any material respect (Section 901).

The indenture provides that, in determining whether the holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of outstanding debt securities of a series have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver thereunder or whether a quorum is present at a meeting of holders of debt securities:

(1) the principal amount of an original issue discount security that is deemed to be outstanding will be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of determination upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity of that debt security;

(2) the principal amount of a debt security denominated in a foreign currency that is deemed outstanding will be the U.S. dollar equivalent, determined on the issue date for that debt security, of the principal amount (or, in the case of an original issue discount security, the U.S. dollar equivalent on the issue date of that debt security of the amount determined as provided in clause (1) above);

(3) the principal amount of an indexed security that is deemed outstanding will be the principal face amount of that indexed security at original issuance, unless otherwise provided with respect to that indexed security pursuant to the indenture; and

(4) debt securities owned by the Operating Partnership, any of the Guarantors or any other obligor upon the debt securities or any affiliate of the Operating Partnership, any of the Guarantors or of that other obligor will be disregarded (Section 101).

The indenture contains provisions for convening meetings of the holders of debt securities of a series (Article Thirteen). A meeting may be called at any time by the trustee, and also, upon request, by the Operating Partnership or the holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, in each case upon notice given as provided in the indenture (Section 1302). Except for any consent that must be given by the holder of each debt security affected by certain modifications and amendments of the indenture, any resolution presented at a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is present may be adopted by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series; provided, however, that, except as referred to above, any resolution with respect to any request,

 

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demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action that may be made, given or taken by the holders of a specified percentage, which is less than a majority, in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a series may be adopted at a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is present by the affirmative vote of the holders of the debt securities of that series. Any resolution passed or decision taken at any meeting of holders of debt securities of any series duly held in accordance with the indenture will be binding on all holders of debt securities of that series. The quorum at any meeting called to adopt a resolution, and at any reconvened meeting, will be persons, holding or representing a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a series; provided, however, that if any action is to be taken at such meeting with respect to a consent or waiver which may be given by the holders of not less than a specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a series, the persons holding or representing such specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series will constitute a quorum (Section 1304).

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, if any action is to be taken at a meeting of holders of debt securities of any series with respect to any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action that the indenture expressly provides may be made, given or taken by the holders of a specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of all outstanding debt securities affected thereby, or of the holders of that series and one or more additional series:

(1) there will be no minimum quorum requirement for the meeting; and

(2) the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series that vote in favor of the request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action will be taken into account in determining whether such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action has been made, given or taken under the indenture (Section 1304).

Discharge; Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance

Unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, the Operating Partnership and the Guarantors may discharge certain obligations to holders of any series of debt securities that have not already been delivered to the trustee for cancellation and that either have become due and payable or will become due and payable within one year (or are scheduled for redemption within one year) by irrevocably depositing with the trustee, in trust, funds in such currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which such debt securities are payable in an amount sufficient to pay the entire indebtedness on such debt securities in respect of principal and premium, if any, and interest to the date of such deposit (if such debt securities have become due and payable) or to the stated maturity or redemption date, as the case may be (Section 404).

In addition, the indenture provides that, unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, if the provisions of Article Four are made applicable to the debt securities of any series pursuant to the indenture, the Operating Partnership may elect either:

(1) to defease and discharge itself and the Guarantors from any and all obligations with respect to those debt securities (except for the obligation to pay additional amounts, if any, upon the occurrence of certain events of tax, assessment or governmental charge with respect to payments on such debt securities and the obligations to register the transfer or exchange of such debt securities, to replace temporary or mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen debt securities, to maintain an office or agency in respect of such debt securities and to hold moneys for payment in trust) (“legal defeasance”) (Section 402); or

(2) to release itself and the Guarantors from their obligations with respect to those debt securities under “—Covenants,” “—Other Covenants” or their obligations with respect to any other covenant, and any omission to comply with such obligations will not constitute a default or an event of default with respect to those debt securities (“covenant defeasance”) (Section 403);

 

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in either case upon the irrevocable deposit by the Operating Partnership or the Guarantors with the trustee, in trust, of any amount, in such currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which those debt securities are payable at stated maturity, or Government Obligations, or both, applicable to those debt securities which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in accordance with their terms will provide money in an amount sufficient to pay the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on such debt securities, and any mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments thereon, on the scheduled due dates.

This trust may only be established if, among other conditions, the Operating Partnership has delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel to the effect that the holders of the debt securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of legal defeasance or covenant defeasance, as the case may be, and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if legal defeasance or covenant defeasance, as the case may be, had not occurred, and the opinion of counsel, in the case of legal defeasance, must refer to and be based upon a ruling of the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) or a change in applicable U.S. federal income tax law occurring after the date of the indenture (Section 404).

In the event the Operating Partnership effects a covenant defeasance with respect to the debt securities of any series and those debt securities are declared due and payable because of the occurrence of any event of default other than an event of default described in clause (4) under “Events of Default, Notice and Waiver” with respect to the covenants described under “ —Covenants” and “—Other Covenants” (which would no longer be applicable to those debt securities) or described in clause (7) under “Events of Default, Notice and Waiver” with respect to any other covenant as to which there has been covenant defeasance, the amount in the currency, currency unit or composite currency in which those debt securities are payable and Government Obligations on deposit with the trustee, will be sufficient to pay amounts due on those debt securities at the time of their stated maturity but may not be sufficient to pay amounts due on those debt securities at the time of the acceleration resulting from such event of default. However, the Operating Partnership and the Guarantors would remain liable to make payment of those amounts due at the time of acceleration.

The applicable prospectus supplement may further describe the provisions, if any, permitting legal defeasance or covenant defeasance, including any modifications to the provisions described above, with respect to the debt securities of a particular series.

Subordination

The terms and conditions, if any, upon which the debt securities of any series will subordinated to other indebtedness of the Operating Partnership, including the debt securities of other series, will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. These terms will include a description of the indebtedness ranking senior to the debt securities of that series, the restrictions on payments to the holders of the debt securities of that series while a default with respect to the senior indebtedness is continuing, the restrictions, if any, on payments to the holders of the debt securities of that series following an event of default, and provisions requiring holders of the debt securities of that series to remit certain payments to holders of senior indebtedness.

Book-Entry System and Global Securities

The debt securities of a series may be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more securities in global form that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, a depository identified in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to that series. Global securities, if any, issued in the United States are expected to be deposited with The Depository Trust Company, or “DTC,” as depository. Unless otherwise indicated, global securities will be issued in fully registered form and in either temporary or permanent form. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for the debt securities represented thereby, a global security may not be transferred except as a whole by the depository for that global security to a nominee of that depository or by a nominee of that depository to that depository or another nominee of such depository or by that depository or any nominee of that depository to a successor depository or any nominee of that successor.

 

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The specific terms of the depository arrangement with respect to a series of debt securities will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. We anticipate that, unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the following provisions will apply to depository arrangements.

The applicable prospectus supplement will state whether the global securities will be issued in certificated or book-entry form. If the global securities are to be issued in book-entry form, we expect that upon the issuance of a global security, the depository for the global security or its nominee will credit on its book-entry registration and transfer system the respective principal amounts of the individual debt securities represented by the global security to the accounts of persons that have accounts with such depository (“participants”). These accounts will be designated by the underwriters, dealers or agents with respect to the debt securities. Ownership of beneficial interests in a global security will be limited to participants or persons that may hold interests through participants.

We expect that, for the global securities deposited with DTC, pursuant to procedures established by DTC, ownership of beneficial interests in any global security with respect to which DTC is the depository will be shown on, and the transfer of that ownership will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC or its nominee (with respect to beneficial interests of participants) and records of participants (with respect to beneficial interests of persons who hold through participants). None of the Operating Partnership, the Guarantors, the trustee, any paying agent and the security registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records of DTC or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records of DTC or any of its participants relating to beneficial ownership interests in the debt securities. The laws of some states require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. These limits and laws may impair the ability to own, pledge or transfer beneficial interest in a global security.

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement or the actual global security, so long as the depository for a global security or its nominee is the registered owner of the book-entry global security, the depository or that nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt securities represented by that global security for all purposes under the applicable indenture. Except as described below or in the applicable prospectus supplement or the global security, owners of beneficial interest in a global security will not be entitled to have any of the individual debt securities represented by the global security registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive delivery of debt securities in definitive certificated form and will not be considered the owners or holders thereof under the applicable indenture. Beneficial owners of debt securities evidenced by a global security will not be considered the owners or holders thereof under the indenture for any purpose, including with respect to the giving of any direction, instructions or approvals to the trustee thereunder. Accordingly, each person owning a beneficial interest in a global security with respect to which DTC is the depository must rely on the procedures of DTC and, if that person is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which that person owns its interests, to exercise any rights of a holder under the applicable indenture. We understand that, under existing industry practice, if we request any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a global security desires to give or take any action which a holder is entitled to give or take under the applicable indenture, DTC would authorize the participants holding the relevant beneficial interest to give or take that action, and the participants would authorize beneficial owners through the participants to give or take that action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.

Payments of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on debt securities represented by a global security registered in the name of a depository or its nominee will be made to or at the direction of the depository or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner of the global security under the indenture. Under the terms of the indenture, the Operating Partnership, the Guarantors, the trustee, any paying agent and the security registrar may treat the persons in whose name debt securities, including a global security, are registered as the owners thereof for the purpose of receiving such payments. Consequently, none of the Operating Partnership, the Guarantors, the trustee, any paying agent and the security registrar has or will have any responsibility or liability for the payment of those amounts to beneficial owners of debt securities (including principal, premium, if any,

 

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and interest). We believe, however, that it is currently the policy of DTC to immediately credit the accounts of relevant participants with payments, in amounts proportionate to their respective holdings of beneficial interests in the relevant global security as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in the global security held through participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is the case with securities held for the account of customers in bearer form or registered in street name, and will be the responsibility of the participants. Redemption notices with respect to any debt securities represented by a global security will be sent to the depository or its nominee. If less than all of the debt securities of any series are to be redeemed, we expect the depository to determine the amount of the interest of each participant in the debt securities to be redeemed to be determined by lot. None of the Operating Partnership, the Guarantors, the trustee, any paying agent and the security registrar for the debt securities will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in the global security for the debt securities or for maintaining any records with respect thereto.

None of the Operating Partnership, the Guarantors, the trustee, any paying agent and the security registrar will be liable for any delay by the holders of a global security or the depository in identifying the beneficial owners of debt securities and the Operating Partnership, the Guarantors and the trustee may conclusively rely on, and will be protected in relying on, instructions from the holder of a global security or the depository for all purposes. The rules applicable to DTC and its participants are on file with the SEC.

If a depository for any debt securities is at any time unwilling, unable or ineligible to continue as depository and a successor depository is not appointed by the Operating Partnership within 90 days, the Operating Partnership will issue definitive certificated debt securities in exchange for the global security representing those debt securities. If an event of default has occurred and is continuing with respect to the debt securities of any series, the Operating Partnership will issue definitive certificated debt securities in exchange for the global security or securities representing the debt securities of such series. In addition, the Operating Partnership may at any time and in its sole discretion, subject to any limitations described in the applicable prospectus supplement or the global security relating to the debt securities, determine not to have any of the debt securities represented by one or more global securities and in such event will issue definitive certificated debt securities in exchange for the global security or securities representing the debt securities.

The debt securities of a series may also be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more bearer global securities that will be deposited outside of the United States with a depository, or with a nominee for the depository, identified in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or global security. Any such bearer global securities may be issued in temporary or permanent form. The specific terms and procedures, including the specific terms of the depository arrangement, with respect to any portion of a series of debt securities to be represented by one or more bearer global securities will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or global security.

Certain Definitions

The following are certain defined terms used in this prospectus and the indenture. We refer you to the indenture for the complete definition of all defined terms, as well as any other capitalized terms used in this prospectus or the applicable prospectus supplement for which no definition is provided (Section 101).

For purposes of the following definitions and the indenture generally, all calculations and determinations will be made in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and will be based upon the consolidated financial statements of the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Acquired Indebtedness” means Indebtedness of a person (1) existing at the time that person becomes a Subsidiary or (2) assumed in connection with the acquisition of assets from that person, in each case, other than

 

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Indebtedness incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, that person becoming a Subsidiary or that acquisition. Acquired Indebtedness will be deemed to be incurred on the date of the related acquisition of assets from any person or the date on which the acquired person becomes a Subsidiary.

Annual Debt Service Charge” means, for any period, the aggregate interest expense (including, without limitation, the interest component of rentals on capitalized leases and letter of credit fees, commitment fees and other similar financial charges) for that period in respect of, and the amortization during such period of any original issue discount of, the Operating Partnership’s Indebtedness and that of its Subsidiaries.

Consolidated Income Available for Debt Service” means, for any period, Earnings from Operations plus amounts which have been deducted, and minus amounts which have been added, for the following (without duplication):

(1) Annual Debt Service Charge;

(2) provision for taxes based on income;

(3) provisions for gains and losses on properties and depreciation and amortization;

(4) increases in deferred taxes and other non-cash items;

(5) depreciation and amortization with respect to interests in joint venture and partially owned entity investments;

(6) the effect of any charge resulting from a change in accounting principles; and

(7) amortization of deferred charges.

Earnings from Operations” means, for any period, net income or loss of the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries, excluding:

(1) provisions for gains and losses on sales of investments or joint ventures;

(2) provisions for gains and losses on dispositions of discontinued operations

(3) extraordinary and non-recurring items; and

(4) impairment charges and property valuation losses,

as reflected in the consolidated financial statements of the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries for that period.

Encumbrance” means any mortgage, lien, charge, pledge or security interest of any kind.

Government Obligations” means securities which are:

(1) direct obligations of the United States of America or the government which issued the foreign currency in which the debt securities of a particular series are payable; or

(2) obligations of a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America, or the government which issued the foreign currency in which the debt securities of that series are payable, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed by the United States of America or that other government; which in either case, are full faith and credit obligations of the United States of America or that

 

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other government, and are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and will also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such Government Obligation held by that custodian for the account of the holder of a depositary receipt, provided that (except as required by law) the custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of that depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the Government Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt.

Indebtedness” means, with respect to the Operating Partnership or any of its Subsidiaries (without duplication) any indebtedness of the Operating Partnership or any of its respective Subsidiaries:

(1) in respect of borrowed money;

(2) evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments;

(3) secured by any mortgage, pledge, lien, charge, encumbrance or any security interest existing on property owned by the Operating Partnership or any of its Subsidiaries;

(4) consisting of letters of credit or amounts representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property, except any such balance that constitutes an accrued expense or trade payable; or

(5) consisting of capitalized leases;

and also includes, to the extent not otherwise included, any obligation by the Operating Partnership or any of its Subsidiaries to be liable for, or to pay, as obligor, guarantor or otherwise (other than for purposes of collection in the ordinary course of business), indebtedness of another person (other than the Operating Partnership or its Subsidiaries), it being understood that indebtedness shall be deemed to be incurred by the Operating Partnership or any of its Subsidiaries whenever it or that Subsidiary creates, assumes, guarantees or otherwise becomes liable in respect thereof.

Intercompany Indebtedness” means indebtedness to which the only parties are the Operating Partnership, Brandywine and any Subsidiary (but only so long as such indebtedness is held solely by any of the Operating Partnership, Brandywine and any Subsidiary) that is subordinate in right of payment to the debt securities.

Significant Subsidiary” means each significant subsidiary (as defined in Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act) of the Operating Partnership.

Subsidiary” means, as to any person, (a) any corporation more than 50% of whose stock of any class or classes having by the terms thereof ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the directors of such corporation (irrespective of whether or not at the time, any class or classes of stock of such corporation shall have or might have voting power by reason of the lapse of time or the happening of any contingency) is at the time owned by such person directly or indirectly through Subsidiaries, and (b) any partnership, association, joint venture, limited liability company, trust or other entity in which such person directly or indirectly through Subsidiaries has more than a 50% equity interest or 50% Capital Percentage at any time. For the purpose of this definition, “Capital Percentage” means, with respect to the interest of Brandywine, the Operating Partnership or one of its Subsidiaries in any partnership, association, joint venture, limited liability company, trust or other entity, the percentage interest of such partnership, association, joint venture, limited liability company, trust or other entity based on the aggregate amount of net capital contributed by Brandywine, the Operating Partnership or such Subsidiary in such partnership, association, joint venture, limited liability company, trust or other entity at the time of determination relative to all capital contributions made in such partnership, association, joint venture, limited liability company, trust or other entity at such time of determination.

 

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Total Assets” means, as of any date, the sum of:

(1) the Undepreciated Real Estate Assets; and

(2) all of the other assets of the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (but excluding accounts receivable and intangibles).

Total Unencumbered Assets” means the sum of (1) those Undepreciated Real Estate Assets not subject to an Encumbrance for borrowed money; and (2) all of the other assets of the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries not subject to an Encumbrance for borrowed money, determined in accordance with GAAP (but excluding accounts receivable and intangibles); provided, however, that, in determining Total Unencumbered Assets as a percentage of outstanding Unsecured Indebtedness for purposes of the covenant requiring the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries to maintain Total Unencumbered Assets equal to at least 150% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of their Unsecured Indebtedness on a consolidated basis, all investments in any Person that is not consolidated for financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP shall be excluded from Total Unencumbered Assets.

Undepreciated Real Estate Assets” means, as of any date, the cost (original cost plus capital improvements) of the real estate assets of the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries on that date, before depreciation and amortization determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Unsecured Indebtedness” means indebtedness which is not secured by any Encumbrance upon any of the properties of the Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST

The following is a summary of provisions of Brandywine’s shares of beneficial interest as of the date of this prospectus. This summary does not completely describe Brandywine’s shares of beneficial interest. For a complete description of Brandywine’s shares of beneficial interest, we refer you to Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust and Bylaws. See “Where You Can Find More Information” on page 1.

General

Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust provides that it is authorized to issue up to 420,000,000 shares of beneficial interest (which we refer to in this prospectus as shares) consisting of 400,000,000 common shares, par value $.01 per share, which are referred to in this prospectus as Brandywine’s “common shares,” and 20,000,000 preferred shares, par value $.01 per share, which are referred to in this prospectus as Brandywine’s “preferred shares.” Of the preferred shares, none were outstanding as of the date of this prospectus.

Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust may be amended from time to time by Brandywine’s Board of Trustees, without shareholder approval, to increase or decrease the aggregate number of authorized shares or the number of shares of any class. The authorized common shares and undesignated preferred shares are generally available for future issuance without further action by Brandywine’s shareholders, unless such action is required by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange or automated quotation system on which Brandywine’s shares may be listed or traded.

Both Maryland statutory law governing real estate investment trusts formed under Maryland law (the “Maryland REIT Law”) and Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust provide that none of its shareholders will be personally liable, by reason of status as a shareholder, for any of Brandywine’s obligations.

Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust provides that, subject to the provisions of any class or series of Preferred Shares then outstanding and to the mandatory provisions of applicable law, its shareholders are entitled to vote only on the following matters:

 

   

election or removal of trustees;

 

   

amendments to the Declaration of Trust (other than amendments to increase or decrease the number of authorized shares or the number of shares of any class) and amendments to the Bylaws;

 

   

a determination by the Board of Trustees to cause Brandywine to invest in commodities contracts (other than interest rate futures intended to hedge against interest rate risk), engage in securities trading (as compared to investment activity) or hold properties primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business; and

 

   

certain mergers of Brandywine with another entity.

Except with respect to these matters, no action taken by Brandywine’s shareholders at any meeting binds the Board of Trustees.

Shares

Common Shares of Beneficial Interest

Each outstanding common share entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders, including the election of trustees. There is no cumulative voting in the election of trustees. The common shareholders vote as single class.

In the future, Brandywine may issue a series of preferred shares that votes together with the common shares as a single class. Subject to such preferential rights as may be determined by the Board of Trustees in future issuances

 

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of preferred shares, holders of common shares are entitled to receive such distributions in cash, property or other assets of Brandywine as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Trustees.

Holders of common shares have no conversion, exchange or redemption rights or preemptive rights to subscribe to any Brandywine securities. All outstanding common shares are fully paid and nonassessable. In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of Brandywine’s affairs, subject to such preferential rights as may be determined by the Board of Trustees in future issuances of preferred shares, holders of common shares will be entitled to share ratably in any of Brandywine’s assets remaining after provision for payment of liabilities to creditors. All common shares have equal dividend, distribution, liquidation and other rights.

Brandywine’s common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “BDN.” The transfer agent and registrar for the common shares is currently Computershare Limited.

Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest

If Brandywine issues preferred shares, the shares will be fully paid and non-assessable. Prior to the issuance of a new series of preferred shares, Brandywine will file with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland Articles Supplementary that will become part of Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust and that will set forth the terms of the new series. The prospectus supplement relating to any preferred shares offered thereby will describe the specific terms of the preferred shares, including:

 

   

the title and stated value;

 

   

the number of shares offered, liquidation preference and offering price;

 

   

the distribution rate, distribution periods and payment dates;

 

   

the date on which distributions begin to accrue, and, if applicable, accumulate;

 

   

any auction and remarketing procedures;

 

   

any retirement or sinking fund requirement;

 

   

the terms and conditions of any redemption right;

 

   

the terms and conditions of any conversion or exchange right;

 

   

any listing of the offered shares on any securities exchange;

 

   

whether interests in the offered shares will be represented by Depositary Shares;

 

   

any voting rights;

 

   

the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred shares as to distributions, liquidation, dissolution or winding up;

 

   

any limitations on issuances of any other series of preferred shares ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred shares as to distributions, liquidation, dissolution or winding up;

 

   

any limitations on direct or beneficial ownership and restrictions on transfer, and any other specific terms, preferences, rights, limitations or restrictions.

Restrictions on Transfer

In order for Brandywine to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), not more than 50% in value of its outstanding shares may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (defined in the Code to include certain entities such as qualified pension plans) during the last half of a taxable year and shares must be beneficially owned by 100 or more persons during at least 335 days of a taxable year of twelve months (or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year).

 

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Because Brandywine’s Board of Trustees believes it is important for it to continue to qualify as a REIT, the Declaration of Trust, subject to certain exceptions, contains provisions that restrict the number of shares that a person may own and that are designed to safeguard Brandywine against an inadvertent loss of REIT status. In order to prevent any shareholder from owning shares in an amount that would cause more than 50% in value of the outstanding shares to be held by five or fewer individuals, the Board of Trustees, pursuant to authority granted in Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust, has passed a resolution that, subject to certain exceptions, provides that no person may own, or be deemed to own by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Code, more than 9.8% in value of the outstanding shares. This limitation is referred to in this prospectus as the “ownership limit.” Brandywine’s Board of Trustees, subject to limitations, retains the authority to increase the ownership limit and establish exemptions from, the ownership limit.

In addition, pursuant to Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust, no purported transfer of shares may be given effect if the transfer would result in ownership of all of the outstanding shares by fewer than 100 persons (determined without any reference to the rules of attribution) or result in Brandywine being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code. These restrictions are referred to in this prospectus as the “ownership restrictions.” In the event of a purported transfer or other event that would, if effective, result in the ownership of shares in violation of the ownership limit or the ownership restrictions, such transfer would be deemed void and such shares automatically would be exchanged for “excess shares” authorized by the Declaration of Trust, according to rules set forth in the Declaration of Trust, to the extent necessary to ensure that the purported transfer or other event does not result in the ownership of shares in violation of the ownership limit or the ownership restrictions.

Holders of excess shares are not entitled to voting rights (except to the extent required by law), dividends or distributions. If, after the purported transfer or other event resulting in an exchange of shares for excess shares and prior to the discovery by Brandywine of such exchange, dividends or distributions are paid with respect to shares that were exchanged for excess shares, then such dividends or distributions would be repayable to Brandywine upon demand. While outstanding, excess shares would be held in trust by Brandywine for the benefit of the ultimate transferee of an interest in such trust, as described below. While excess shares are held in trust, an interest in that trust may be transferred by the purported transferee or other purported holder with respect to such excess shares only to a person whose ownership of the shares would not violate the ownership limit or the ownership restrictions, at which time the excess shares would be exchanged automatically for shares of the same type and class as the shares for which the excess shares were originally exchanged. Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust contains provisions that are designed to ensure that the purported transferee or other purported holder of the excess shares may not receive in return for such a transfer an amount that reflects any appreciation in the shares for which such excess shares were exchanged during the period that such excess shares were outstanding. Any amount received by a purported transferee or other purported holder in excess of the amount permitted to be received would be required to be turned over to Brandywine.

Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust also provides that excess shares shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to Brandywine, or its designee, which shall have the right to accept such offer for a period of 90 days after the later of: (1) the date of the purported transfer or event which resulted in an exchange of shares for such excess shares; and (2) the date the Board of Trustees determines that a purported transfer or other event resulting in an exchange of shares for such excess shares has occurred if Brandywine does not receive notice of any such transfer. The price at which Brandywine may purchase such excess shares would be equal to the lesser of: (1) in the case of excess shares resulting from a purported transfer for value, the price per share in the purported transfer that caused the automatic exchange for such excess shares or, in the case of excess shares resulting from some other event, the market price of such shares on the date of the automatic exchange for excess shares; or (2) the market price of such shares on the date that Brandywine accepts the excess shares. Any dividend or distribution paid to a proposed transferee on excess shares prior to the discovery by Brandywine that such shares have been transferred in violation of the provisions of the Declaration of Trust shall be repaid to Brandywine upon its demand. If the foregoing restrictions are determined to be void or invalid by virtue of any legal decision, statute, rule or regulation, then the intended transferee or holder of any excess shares may be deemed, at

 

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Brandywine’s option, to have acted as Brandywine’s agent and on Brandywine’s behalf in acquiring or holding such excess shares and to hold such excess shares on Brandywine’s behalf.

Brandywine’s Board of Trustees may waive the ownership restrictions if evidence satisfactory to the trustees and its tax counsel or tax accountants is presented showing that such waiver will not jeopardize Brandywine’s status as a REIT under the Code. As a condition of such waiver, Brandywine’s Board of Trustees may require that an intended transferee give written notice to Brandywine, furnish such undertakings, agreements and information as may be required by Brandywine’s Board of Trustees and/or an undertaking from the applicant with respect to preserving Brandywine’s status. Any transfer of shares or any security convertible into shares that would create a direct or indirect ownership of shares in excess of the ownership limit or result in the violation of the ownership restrictions will be void with respect to the intended transferee and will result in excess shares as described above.

Neither the ownership restrictions nor the ownership limit will be removed automatically even if the REIT provisions of the Code are changed so as no longer to contain any ownership concentration limitation or if the ownership concentration limitation is increased.

The Declaration of Trust expressly provides that the ownership limit and ownership restrictions shall not preclude the settlement of any transaction entered into through the facilities of the New York Stock Exchange, any successor exchange or quotation system thereto, or any other exchange or quotation system over which shares may be traded from time to time. The fact that the settlement of any transaction occurs shall not negate the effect of any other provision in of the Declaration of Trust providing for ownership limit or the ownership restrictions and any transferee in such a transaction shall be subject to all of such other provisions.

All persons who own, directly or by virtue of the applicable attribution provisions of the Code, more than 4.0% of the value of any class of outstanding shares, must give written notice to Brandywine containing the information specified in the Declaration of Trust by January 31 of each year. In addition, each such shareholder shall provide to Brandywine such additional information as Brandywine may request in order to determine the effect of such person’s beneficial or constructive ownership of shares on Brandywine’s status as a REIT.

The ownership limit could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change in control of Brandywine that might involve a premium price for the Common Shares or otherwise be in the best interest of Brandywine’s shareholders.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE DEPOSITARY SHARES

General

Brandywine may issue receipts (which we refer to in this prospectus as “depositary receipts”) for the Depositary Shares (which we refer to in this prospectus as “depository shares”), each of which will represent a fractional interest of a share of a particular series of Preferred Shares, as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Brandywine will deposit Preferred Shares of each series represented by depository shares under a separate deposit agreement among Brandywine, the preferred share depositary and the holders from time to time of the depositary receipts. Subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, each owner of a depositary receipt will be entitled, in proportion to the fractional interest of a share of a particular series of Preferred Shares represented by the Depositary Shares evidenced by such depositary receipt, to all the rights and preferences of the Preferred Shares represented by such Depositary Shares (including distribution, voting, conversion, redemption and liquidation rights).

The Depositary Shares will be evidenced by depositary receipts issued pursuant to the applicable deposit agreement. Immediately following Brandywine’s issuance and delivery of the Preferred Shares to the preferred share depositary, Brandywine will cause the preferred share depositary to issue, on Brandywine’s behalf, the depositary receipts. Copies of the applicable form of deposit agreement and depositary receipt may be obtained from Brandywine upon request, and the following summary of that form filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part is qualified in its entirety by reference to these documents.

Distributions

The preferred share depositary will distribute all cash distributions received in respect of the Preferred Shares to the record holders of depositary receipts evidencing the related Depositary Shares in proportion to the number of such depositary receipts owned by such holders, subject to certain obligations of holders to file proofs, certificates and other information and to pay certain charges and expenses to the preferred share depositary.

In the event of a distribution other than in cash, the preferred share depositary will distribute property received by it to the record holders of depositary receipts entitled to such distributions, subject to certain obligations of holders to file proofs, certificates and other information and to pay certain charges and expenses to the preferred share depositary, unless the preferred share depositary determines that it is not feasible to make such distribution, in which case the preferred share depositary may, with our approval, sell such property and distribute the net proceeds from such sale to such holders.

No distribution will be made in respect of any depositary share to the extent that it represents any Preferred Shares converted into excess shares.

Withdrawal of Shares

Upon surrender of the depositary receipts at the corporate trust office of the preferred share depositary (unless the related Depositary Shares have previously been called for redemption or converted into excess shares), the holders of the depositary receipts will be entitled to delivery at such office, to or upon such holder’s order, of the number of whole or fractional Preferred Shares and any money or other property represented by the Depositary Shares evidenced by such depositary receipts. Holders of depositary receipts will be entitled to receive whole or fractional shares of the related Preferred Shares on the basis of the proportion of the Preferred Shares represented by each depositary share as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, but holders of such Preferred Shares will not thereafter be entitled to receive Depositary Shares therefor. If the depositary receipts delivered by the holder evidence a number of Depositary Shares in excess of the number of Depositary Shares representing the number of Preferred Shares to be withdrawn, the preferred share depositary will deliver to such holder at the same time a new depositary receipt evidencing such excess number of Depositary Shares.

 

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Redemption of Depositary Shares

Whenever Brandywine redeems Preferred Shares held by the preferred share depositary, the preferred share depositary will redeem as of the same redemption date the number of Depositary Shares representing the Preferred Shares so redeemed, provided Brandywine has paid in full to the preferred share depositary the redemption price of the Preferred Shares to be redeemed plus an amount equal to any accrued and unpaid distributions thereon to the date fixed for redemption. The redemption price per depositary share will be equal to the redemption price and any other amounts per share payable with respect to the Preferred Shares. If fewer than all the Depositary Shares are to be redeemed, the Depositary Shares to be redeemed will be selected pro rata (as nearly as may be practicable without creating fractional Depositary Shares) or by any other equitable method determined by us that will not result in the issuance of any excess shares.

From and after the date fixed for redemption, all distributions in respect of the Preferred Shares so called for redemption will cease to accrue, the Depositary Shares so called for redemption will no longer be deemed to be outstanding and all rights of the holders of the depositary receipts evidencing the Depositary Shares so called for redemption will cease, except the right to receive any monies payable upon such redemption and any money or other property to which the holders of such depositary receipts were entitled upon such redemption upon surrender thereof to the preferred share depositary.

Voting of the Preferred Shares

Upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of the Preferred Shares are entitled to vote, the preferred share depositary will mail the information contained in such notice of meeting to the record holders of the depositary receipts evidencing the Depositary Shares which represent such Preferred Shares. Each record holder of depositary receipts evidencing Depositary Shares on the record date (which will be the same date as the record date for the Preferred Shares) will be entitled to instruct the preferred share depositary as to the exercise of the voting rights pertaining to the amount of Preferred Shares represented by such holder’s Depositary Shares. The preferred share depositary will vote the amount of Preferred Shares represented by such Depositary Shares in accordance with such instructions, and we will agree to take all reasonable actions that may be deemed necessary by the preferred share depositary in order to enable the preferred share depositary to do so. The preferred share depositary will abstain from voting the amount of Preferred Shares represented by such Depositary Shares to the extent it does not receive specific instructions from the holders of depositary receipts evidencing such Depositary Shares. The preferred share depositary will not be responsible for any failure to carry out any instruction to vote, or for the manner or effect of any such vote made, as long as any such action or non-action is in good faith and does not result from negligence or willful misconduct of the preferred share depositary.

Liquidation Preference

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of each depositary receipt will be entitled to the fraction of the liquidation preference, if any, accorded each preferred share represented by the depositary share evidenced by such depositary receipt, as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Conversion of Preferred Shares

The Depositary Shares, as such, are not convertible into Common Shares or any of our other securities or property, except in connection with certain conversions in connection with the preservation of Brandywine’s status as a REIT. Nevertheless, if so specified in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to an offering of Depositary Shares, the depositary receipts may be surrendered by holders thereof to the preferred share depositary with written instructions to the preferred share depositary to instruct Brandywine to cause conversion of the Preferred Shares represented by the Depositary Shares evidenced by such depositary receipts into whole Common Shares, other Preferred Shares (including excess shares) or other shares of beneficial interest. If the Depositary Shares evidenced by a depositary receipt are to be converted in part only, a new depositary receipt or receipts will be issued for any Depositary Shares not to be converted. No fractional Common Shares will be

 

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issued upon conversion, and if such conversion will result in a fractional share being issued, we will pay an amount in cash equal to the value of the fractional interest based upon the closing price of the Common Shares on the last business day prior to the conversion.

Amendment and Termination of the Deposit Agreement

The form of depositary receipt evidencing the Depositary Shares which represent the Preferred Shares and any provision of the deposit agreement may at any time be amended by agreement between us and the preferred share depositary. However, any amendment that materially and adversely alters the rights of the holders of depositary receipts or that would be materially and adversely inconsistent with the rights granted to the holders of the related Preferred Shares will not be effective unless such amendment has been approved by the existing holders of at least a majority of the Depositary Shares evidenced by the depositary receipts then outstanding. No amendment shall impair the right, subject to certain exceptions in the depositary agreement, of any holder of depositary receipts to surrender any depositary receipt with instructions to deliver to the holder the related Preferred Shares and all money and other property, if any, represented thereby, except in order to comply with law. Every holder of an outstanding depositary receipt at the time any such amendment becomes effective shall be deemed, by continuing to hold such depositary receipt, to consent and agree to such amendment and to be bound by the deposit agreement as amended thereby.

Unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, Brandywine may terminate the deposit agreement upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice to the preferred share depositary if: (1) such termination is necessary to assist in maintaining Brandywine’s status as a REIT or (2) a majority of each series of Preferred Shares affected by such termination consents to such termination, whereupon the preferred share depositary shall deliver or make available to each holder of depositary receipts, upon surrender of the depositary receipts held by such holder, such number of whole or fractional Preferred Shares as are represented by the Depositary Shares evidenced by such depositary receipts together with any other property held by the preferred share depositary with respect to such depositary receipts. If the deposit agreement is terminated to assist in maintaining Brandywine’s status as a REIT, then, if the Depositary Shares are listed on a national securities exchange, Brandywine will use its best efforts to list the Preferred Shares issued upon surrender of the related Depositary Shares on a national securities exchange. In addition, the deposit agreement will automatically terminate if: (1) all outstanding Depositary Shares shall have been redeemed, (2) there shall have been a final distribution in respect of the related Preferred Shares in connection with Brandywine’s liquidation, dissolution or winding up and such distribution shall have been distributed to the holders of depositary receipts evidencing the Depositary Shares representing such Preferred Shares, or (3) each share of the related Preferred Shares shall have been converted into Brandywine’s shares of beneficial interest not so represented by Depositary Shares.

Charges of Preferred Share Depositary

Brandywine will pay all transfer and other taxes and governmental charges arising solely from the existence of the deposit agreement. In addition, Brandywine will generally pay the fees and expenses of the preferred share depositary in connection with the performance of its duties under the deposit agreement. However, holders of depositary receipts will pay certain other transfer and other taxes and governmental charges as well as the fees and expenses of the preferred share depositary for any duties requested by such holders to be performed which are outside of those expressly provided for in the deposit agreement.

Resignation and Removal of Depositary

The preferred share depositary may resign at any time by delivering to Brandywine notice of its election to do so, and Brandywine may at any time remove the preferred share depositary, any such resignation or removal to take effect upon the appointment of a successor preferred share depositary. A successor preferred share depositary must be appointed within 60 days after delivery of the notice of resignation or removal and, unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, must be a bank or trust company having its principal office in the United States and having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000.

 

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Miscellaneous

The preferred share depositary will forward to holders of depositary receipts any reports and communications from us which are received by the preferred share depositary with respect to the related Preferred Shares.

Neither Brandywine nor the preferred share depositary will be liable if it is prevented from or delayed in, by law or any circumstances beyond its control, performing its obligations under the deposit agreement. Brandywine’s obligations and the preferred share depositary’s obligations under the deposit agreement will be limited to performing their respective duties thereunder in good faith and without negligence (in the case of any action or inaction in the voting of Preferred Shares represented by the Depositary Shares), gross negligence or willful misconduct, and Brandywine and the preferred share depositary will not be obligated to prosecute or defend any legal proceeding in respect of any depositary receipts, Depositary Shares or Preferred Shares represented thereby unless satisfactory indemnity is furnished. Brandywine and the preferred share depositary may rely on written advice of counsel or accountants, or information provided by persons presenting Preferred Shares represented thereby for deposit, holders of depositary receipts or other persons believed in good faith to be competent to give such information, and on documents believed in good faith to be genuine and signed by a proper party.

In the event the preferred share depositary receives conflicting claims, requests or instructions from Brandywine and any holders of depositary receipts, the preferred share depositary will be entitled to act on such claims, requests or instructions received from Brandywine.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS

Brandywine may issue Subscription Rights to purchase Common Shares, which we refer to in this prospectus as “Subscription Rights.” Subscription Rights may be issued independently or together with any other security offered hereby and may be attached to or separate from such security. Subscription Rights may or may not be transferable by the securityholder receiving the Subscription Rights in such offering. In connection with any offering of Subscription Rights, Brandywine may enter into a standby arrangement with one or more underwriters or other purchasers pursuant to which the underwriters or other purchasers may be required to purchase any securities remaining unsubscribed after such offering.

The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the specific terms of any offering of Subscription Rights for which this prospectus is being delivered, including the following:

 

   

the price, if any, for the Subscription Rights;

 

   

the exercise price payable for each common share upon the exercise of the Subscription Rights;

 

   

the number of Subscription Rights issued to each securityholder;

 

   

the number and terms of the Common Shares that may be purchased per each Subscription Right;

 

   

the extent to which the Subscription Rights are transferable;

 

   

any other terms of the Subscription Rights, including the terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the Subscription Rights;

 

   

the date on which the right to exercise the Subscription Rights shall commence, and the date on which the Subscription Rights shall expire;

 

   

the extent to which the Subscription Rights may include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities; and

 

   

if applicable, the material terms of any standby underwriting or purchase arrangement entered into by Brandywine in connection with the offering of the Subscription Rights.

The description in the applicable prospectus supplement of any Subscription Rights that Brandywine offers will not necessarily be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable Subscription Rights certificate or Subscription Rights agreement, which will be filed with the SEC if Brandywine offers Subscription Rights.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE WARRANTS

Brandywine may issue Warrants to purchase Preferred Shares, Common Shares and/or Depositary Shares, which may be sold separately, together or in units with other securities registered hereby, which we refer to in this prospectus as “Warrants.” Warrants may be issued independently or together with any securities and may be attached to or separate from such securities. Each series of Warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a specified warrant agent. The warrant agent will act solely as Brandywine’s agent in connection with the Warrants of such series and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders or beneficial owners of Warrants.

The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the following terms, where applicable, of the Warrants in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered:

 

   

the title of the Warrants;

 

   

the aggregate number of outstanding Warrants;

 

   

the price or prices at which the Warrants will be issued;

 

   

the price or prices at which the securities purchasable upon exercise of the Warrants may be purchased;

 

   

he designation, amount and terms of the securities purchasable upon exercise of the Warrants;

 

   

if applicable, the date on and after which the Warrants and the securities purchasable upon exercise of the Warrants will be separately transferable;

 

   

the date on which the right to exercise the Warrants shall commence and the date on which such right shall expire;

   

the minimum or maximum amount of the Warrants which may be exercised at any one time;

 

   

information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;

 

   

a discussion of federal income tax considerations; and

 

   

any other material terms of the Warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the Warrants.

Exercise of Warrants

Each Warrant will entitle the holder of the Warrant to purchase for cash the amount of Preferred Shares, Common Shares and/or Depositary Shares, as the case may be, which may be sold separately, together or in units with other securities registered hereby at the exercise price stated or determinable in the applicable prospectus supplement. Warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date shown in the applicable prospectus supplement, unless otherwise specified in such prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised Warrants will become void. Warrants may be exercised as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. When the warrant holder makes the payment and properly completes and signs the warrant certificate at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the prospectus supplement, Brandywine will, as soon as possible, forward the Preferred Shares, Common Shares and/or Depositary Shares, as the case may be, which may be sold separately, together or in units with other securities registered hereby that the warrant holder has purchased. If the warrant holder exercises the Warrant for less than all of the Warrants represented by the warrant certificate, Brandywine will issue a new warrant certificate for the remaining Warrants.

 

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PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW AND OF BRANDYWINE’S

DECLARATION OF TRUST AND BYLAWS

The following is a summary of provisions of Maryland REIT Law, Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust and its Bylaws. This summary does not completely describe Maryland REIT law, the Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws. For a complete description of each of the foregoing, we refer you to the Maryland statutes applicable to REITs, and Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust and Bylaws, each of which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

Duration

Under Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust, Brandywine has a perpetual term of existence and will continue perpetually subject to the authority of its Board of Trustees to terminate its existence and liquidate its assets and subject to termination pursuant to the Maryland REIT Law.

Board of Trustees

Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust provides that the number of its trustees shall not be less than three nor more than 15. Any vacancy, including a vacancy created by an increase in the number of trustees, may be filled by a majority of the trustees.

Brandywine’s trustees generally will each serve for a one-year term.

Pursuant to Brandywine’s Bylaws eligible shareholders, including qualifying groups of up to 25 shareholders, that have continuously owned at least 3% of Brandywine’s outstanding common shares for at least three years are entitled to nominate trustee nominees constituting up to the greater of two trustees and 25% of the number of trustees serving on the Board of Trustees, and have such nominees included in Brandywine’s proxy materials, provided that the shareholder(s) and their nominee(s) satisfy certain requirements specified in Brandywine’s Bylaws, including advance notice requirements.

Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust generally provides that a trustee may be removed from office only at a meeting of shareholders. However, a trustee elected solely by holders of a series of Preferred Shares may be removed only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Preferred Shares of that series voting as a single class with any other series of Brandywine’s Preferred Shares ranking on a parity with such Preferred Shares and upon which like voting rights have been conferred.

Business Combinations

Under Maryland law, as applicable to Maryland real estate investment trusts, certain “business combinations” (including certain mergers, consolidations, share exchanges or, in certain circumstances, asset transfers or issuances or reclassifications of equity securities) between a Maryland real estate investment trust and an “interested shareholder” or an affiliate of the interested shareholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested shareholder becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder includes a person who beneficially owns, and an affiliate or associate (as defined under Maryland law) of the trust who, at any time during the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the trust’s then outstanding voting shares. Thereafter, any such business combination must be recommended by the trustees of such trust and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:

 

   

80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding voting shares of beneficial interest of the trust, voting together as a single voting group; and

 

   

two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding voting shares of beneficial interest other than shares held by the interested shareholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or by the interested shareholder’s affiliates or associates, voting together as a single voting group.

 

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These super-majority voting requirements do not apply if the trust’s common shareholders receive a minimum price (as defined under Maryland law) for their shares and the consideration is received in cash or in the same form as previously paid by the interested shareholder for its shares. These provisions also do not apply to business combinations that are approved or exempted by the Board of Trustees of the trust prior to the time that the interested shareholder becomes an interested shareholder.

Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust provides that the business combination statute will not apply to any business combination between Brandywine and any person.

Control Share Acquisitions

Under Maryland law, as applicable to Maryland real estate investment trusts, “control shares” of a Maryland real estate investment trust acquired in a “control share acquisition” have no voting rights except to the extent approved by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter by shareholders, excluding shares owned by the acquirer, by officers or by trustees who are employees of the trust in question. “Control shares” are voting shares of beneficial interest which, if aggregated with all other shares previously acquired by such acquirer or in respect of which the acquirer is able to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the acquirer to exercise the voting power in the election of trustees within one of the following ranges of voting power:

 

   

one-tenth or more but less than one-third;

 

   

one-third or more but less than a majority; or

 

   

a majority or more of all voting power.

Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained shareholder approval. A “control share acquisition” means the acquisition of control shares, subject to certain exceptions.

A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition, upon satisfaction of certain conditions (including an undertaking to pay expenses), may compel Brandywine’s Board of Trustees to call a special meeting of shareholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights of the shares. If no request for a meeting is made, the trust may itself present the question at any shareholders meeting.

If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by the statute, then, subject to certain conditions and limitations, the trust may redeem any or all of the control shares, except those for which voting rights have previously been approved, for fair value determined, without regard to the absence of voting rights for the control shares, as of the date of the last control share acquisition by the acquirer or of any meeting of shareholders at which the voting rights of such shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights for control shares are approved at a shareholders meeting and the acquirer becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other shareholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of such appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid by the acquirer in the control share acquisition, and certain limitations and restrictions otherwise applicable to the exercise of dissenters’ rights do not apply in the context of a control share acquisition.

Brandywine’s Bylaws contain a provision exempting from the control share acquisition statute any and all acquisitions by any person of our shares. There can be no assurance that this provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future.

Amendment to the Declaration of Trust

Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust may be amended only by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than a majority of the shares then outstanding and entitled to vote thereon, except for the provisions of Brandywine’s

 

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Declaration of Trust relating to increases or decreases in the aggregate number of authorized shares of any class, which may generally be made by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval. In addition, if Brandywine’s Board of Trustees determines, with the advice of counsel, that any one or more of the provisions of its Declaration of Trust conflict with the Maryland REIT Law, the Code or other applicable Federal or state law(s), the conflicting provisions of Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust shall be deemed never to have constituted a part of its Declaration of Trust, even without any amendment thereof.

Termination of Brandywine Realty Trust and REIT Status

Subject to the rights of any outstanding Preferred Shares and to the provisions of the Maryland REIT Law, Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust permits its Board of Trustees to terminate Brandywine’s existence and to discontinue its election to be taxed as a REIT.

Transactions between Brandywine Realty Trust and its Trustee or Officers

Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust provides that any contract or transaction between it and one or more of its trustees, officers, employees or agents must be approved by a majority of Brandywine’s trustees who have no interest in the contract or transaction.

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification

The Maryland REIT Law permits a Maryland REIT to include in its Declaration of Trust a provision limiting the liability of its trustees and officers to the trust and its shareholders for money damages except for liability resulting from (1) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (2) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust contains a provision which eliminates such liability to the maximum extent permitted by the Maryland REIT Law.

The Maryland REIT Law permits a Maryland REIT to indemnify and advance expenses to its trustees and officers to the same extent as permitted for directors and officers of a Maryland corporation under the Maryland General Corporation Law. In the case of directors and officers of a Maryland corporation, the Maryland General Corporation Law permits a Maryland corporation to indemnify present and former directors and officers against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made a party by reason of such service, unless it is established that either: (1) the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and either (a) was committed in bad faith or (b) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; (2) the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or (3) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful.

Brandywine’s Bylaws require Brandywine to indemnify, without a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification: (1) any present or former trustee, officer or shareholder who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of a proceeding to which he or she was made a party by reason of such status, against reasonable expenses incurred by him or her in connection with the proceeding and (2) any present or former trustee or officer against any claim or liability to which he or she may become subject by reason of such status.

In addition, Brandywine’s Bylaws require Brandywine to pay or reimburse, in advance of final disposition of a proceeding, reasonable expenses incurred by a present or former trustee or officer made a party to a proceeding by reason of his or her status as a trustee or officer.

The limited partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership also provides for indemnification by the Operating Partnership of Brandywine, as general partner, for any costs, expenses or liabilities incurred by it by reason of any act performed by it for or on behalf of the Operating Partnership; provided that such person’s actions were taken in good faith and in the belief that such conduct was in the best interests of the Operating Partnership and that such person was not guilty of fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence.

 

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SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS

Information about selling securityholders, where applicable, will be set forth in a prospectus supplement, in a post-effective amendment, or in filings we make with the SEC under the Exchange Act which are incorporated by reference.

 

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MATERIAL FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

A summary of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations to you as a prospective holder of our securities is set forth in Exhibit 99.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 21, 2023, and incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We and, where applicable, selling securityholders may sell the securities in any one or more of the following ways:

 

   

directly to investors;

 

   

to investors through agents;

 

   

to dealers;

 

   

through underwriting syndicates led by one or more managing underwriters; and

 

   

through one or more underwriters acting alone.

Any underwritten offering may be on a best efforts or a firm commitment basis. We may also make direct sales through subscription rights distributed to our shareholders on a pro rata basis, which may or may not be transferable. In any distribution of subscription rights to shareholders, if all of the underlying securities are not subscribed for, we may then sell the unsubscribed securities directly to third parties or may engage the services of one or more underwriters, dealers or agents, including standby underwriters, to sell the unsubscribed securities to third parties. We may also sell securities to our shareholders as part of a dividend on our common shares if our board of trustees, in the future, should elect to pay dividends with a combination of cash and common shares.

The distribution of the securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions:

 

   

at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;

 

   

at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;

 

   

at prices related to such prevailing market prices, including in “at the market offerings” within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act; or

 

   

at negotiated prices.

Any of the prices may represent a discount from the then prevailing market prices.

In the sale of the securities, underwriters or agents may receive compensation from us or from purchasers of the securities, for whom they may act as agents, in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions. Underwriters may sell the securities to or through dealers, and such dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters under the Securities Act, and any discounts or commissions they receive from us and any profit on the resale of securities they realize may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. The applicable prospectus supplement will, where applicable:

 

   

identify any such underwriter or agent;

 

   

describe any compensation in the form of discounts, concessions, commissions or otherwise received from us by each such underwriter or agent and in the aggregate to all underwriters and agents;

 

   

identify the amounts underwritten; and

 

   

identify the nature of the underwriter’s obligation to take the securities.

Unless otherwise specified in the related prospectus supplement, each series of securities will be a new issue with no established trading market, other than the common shares, which are listed on the NYSE. Any common shares sold pursuant to a prospectus supplement will be listed on the NYSE, subject to official notice of issuance. We may elect to list any series of debt securities or preferred shares, respectively, on an exchange, but we are not obligated to do so. It is possible that one or more underwriters may make a market in a series of securities, but

 

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such underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. Therefore, no assurance can be given as to the liquidity of, or the trading market for, any series of debt securities or preferred shares.

Until the distribution of the securities is completed, rules of the SEC may limit the ability of any underwriters and selling group members to bid for and purchase the securities. As an exception to these rules, underwriters are permitted to engage in some transactions that stabilize the price of the securities. Such transactions consist of bids or purchases for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the securities.

If any underwriters create a short position in the securities in an offering in which they sell more securities than are set forth on the cover page of the applicable prospectus supplement, the underwriters may reduce that short position by purchasing the securities in the open market.

The lead underwriters may also impose a penalty bid on other underwriters and selling group members participating in an offering. This means that if the lead underwriters purchase securities in the open market to reduce the underwriters’ short position or to stabilize the price of the securities, they may reclaim the amount of any selling concession from the underwriters and selling group members who sold those securities as part of the offering.

In general, purchases of a security for the purpose of stabilization or to reduce a short position could cause the price of the security to be higher than it might be in the absence of such purchases. The imposition of a penalty bid might also have an effect on the price of a security to the extent that it were to discourage resales of the security before the distribution is completed.

We do not make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above might have on the price of the securities. In addition, we do not make any representation that underwriters will engage in such transactions or that such transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.

Under agreements into which we may enter, underwriters, dealers and agents who participate in the distribution of the securities may be entitled to indemnification by us against some liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

Underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with us, perform services for us or be our tenants in the ordinary course of business.

If indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will authorize underwriters or other persons acting as our agents to solicit offers by particular institutions to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in such prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on the date or dates stated in such prospectus supplement. Each delayed delivery contract will be for an amount no less than, and the aggregate principal amounts of securities sold under delayed delivery contracts shall be not less nor more than, the respective amounts stated in the applicable prospectus supplement. Institutions with which such contracts, when authorized, may be made include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and others, but will in all cases be subject to our approval. The obligations of any purchaser under any such contract will be subject to the conditions that (a) the purchase of the securities shall not at the time of delivery be prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction in the United States to which the purchaser is subject, and (b) if the securities are being sold to underwriters, we shall have sold to the underwriters the total principal amount of the securities less the principal amount thereof covered by the contracts. The underwriters and such other agents will not have any responsibility in respect of the validity or performance of such contracts.

To comply with applicable state securities laws, the securities offered by this prospectus will be sold, if necessary, in such jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, securities may not be sold in some states unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is complied with.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

Unless otherwise set forth in a prospectus supplement, the validity of the securities offered will be passed upon for us by Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP and for any underwriters by Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP (or such other counsel as may be engaged by any such underwriters).

EXPERTS

The financial statements and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this Prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for Brandywine Realty Trust have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

The financial statements and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this Prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

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PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution

The following table sets forth the expenses in connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered, other than underwriting discounts and commissions. All of the amounts shown are estimates, except the SEC registration fee which is deferred in accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r).

 

     Amount to
be Paid
 

SEC registration fee

   $        

Printing and engraving expenses

   $ *

Legal fees and expenses

   $ *

Accounting fees and expenses

   $ *

Trustees and transfer agents fees

   $ *

Miscellaneous

   $ *

Total

   $ *
  

 

 

 

 

*

Under Rules 456(b) and 457(r), the registration fee will be paid at the time of any particular offering of securities under this registration statement except that in accordance with Rule 415(a)(6) and Rule 457(p).

**

An estimate of the aggregate amount of these expenses will be reflected in the applicable prospectus supplement at the time of any particular offering of securities.

Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Brandywine Realty Trust

The Maryland REIT Law permits a Maryland real estate investment trust to include in its Declaration of Trust a provision limiting the liability of its trustees and officers to the trust and its shareholders for money damages except for liability resulting from (1) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (2) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. Brandywine’s Declaration of Trust contains a provision which eliminates such liability to the maximum extent permitted by the Maryland REIT Law.

The Maryland REIT Law permits a Maryland REIT to indemnify and advance expenses to its trustees and officers to the same extent as permitted for directors and officers of a Maryland corporation under the Maryland General Corporation Law. In the case of directors and officers of a Maryland corporation, the Maryland General Corporation Law permits a Maryland corporation to indemnify present and former directors and officers against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made a party by reason of such service, unless it is established that either: (1) the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and either (a) was committed in bad faith or (b) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; (2) the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or (3) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful.

Brandywine’s Bylaws require Brandywine to indemnify, without a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification: (1) any present or former trustee, officer or shareholder who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of a proceeding to which he or she was made a party by reason of such status, against reasonable expenses incurred by him or her in connection with the proceeding and (2) any present or former trustee or officer against any claim or liability to which he or she may become subject by reason of such status.

 

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In addition, Brandywine’s Bylaws require Brandywine to pay or reimburse, in advance of final disposition of a proceeding, reasonable expenses incurred by a present or former trustee or officer made a party to a proceeding by reason of his or her status as a trustee or officer.

Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P.

The limited partnership agreement of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P., referred to in the prospectus as the Operating Partnership, also provides for indemnification by the Operating Partnership of Brandywine and its trustees and officers for any costs, expenses or liabilities incurred by them by reason of any act performed by them for or on behalf of the Operating Partnership; provided that such person’s conduct was taken in good faith and in the belief that such conduct was in the best interests of the Operating Partnership and that such person was not guilty of fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence.

 

Item 16.

Exhibits

 

Exhibit
No.
   Description
1.1**    Form of Underwriting Agreement relating to Debt Securities.
1.2**    Form of Underwriting Agreement relating to Preferred Shares, Common Shares, Depositary Shares and Warrants.
3.1.1    Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Declaration of Trust of Brandywine Realty Trust (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 29, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.2    Articles Supplementary relating to opt-out of Maryland Unsolicited Takeover Act, filed with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland on March 2, 2018 (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 6, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.3    Preferred Share Reclassification Articles Supplementary filed with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland on March 2, 2018 (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 6, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.4    Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”) (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 17, 1997 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.5    First Amendment to Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 17, 1997 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.6    Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership Agreement of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine Realty Trust’s Form 8-K dated April 13, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference)
3.1.7    Third Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 14, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.8    Fourth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 13, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.9    Fifth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 13, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

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Exhibit
No.
   Description
3.1.10    Sixth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 13, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.11    Seventh Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.12    Eighth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.13    Ninth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.14    Tenth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.15    Eleventh Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.16    Twelfth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.17    Thirteenth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 21, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.18    Fourteenth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 10, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.19    Fifteenth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.20    Sixteenth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 9, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.21    Seventeenth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 11, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.1.22    List of partners of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.2    Bylaws of Brandywine Realty Trust (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 29, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.1    Indenture dated as of October  22, 2004 among Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P., Brandywine Realty Trust, certain wholly owned subsidiaries of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (previously field as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 22, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

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Exhibit
No.
   Description
  4.2    First Supplemental Indenture dated as of May  25, 2005 by and among Brandywine Realty Trust, the Operating Partnership, certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Operating Partnership named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 25, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference).
  4.3    Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of October  4, 2006 by and among Brandywine Realty Trust, the Operating Partnership and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 4, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).
  4.4    Third Supplemental Indenture dated as of April  5, 2011 by and among Brandywine Realty Trust, the Operating Partnership and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (previously filed as an exhibit to Brandywine’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 5, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference).
  4.5**    Form of Deposit Agreement.
  4.6**    Form of specimen certificate representing preferred shares of beneficial interest.
  4.7**    Form of Subscription Rights Agreement.
  4.8**    Form of Warrant Agreement.
  5.1*    Opinion of Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP regarding the validity of the securities being registered.
  8.1*    Opinion of Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP regarding tax matters.
23.1*    Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
23.2*    Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
23.3    Consent of Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
23.4    Consent of Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1).
24.1    Power of Attorney (included in Part II of the Registration Statement).
25.1*    Statement of Eligibility of The Bank of New York Mellon on Form T-l.
107*    Filing Fee Table

 

*

Filed herewith.

**

To be filed by an amendment or as an exhibit to a document filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and incorporated by reference herein.

Item 17. Undertakings

The undersigned registrants hereby undertake:

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

(ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in the volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities

 

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offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

(iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs (l)(i), (l)(ii) or (l)(iii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission by the registrants pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bonafide offering thereof.

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

(i) Each prospectus filed by the registrants pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

(ii) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5) or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bonafide offering thereof; provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrants under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrants undertake that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrants pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrants will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrants relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

 

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(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrants or used or referred to by the undersigned registrants; an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrants to the purchaser;

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrants or their securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrants; and

(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrants to the purchaser.

(6) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrants’ annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bonafide offering thereof.

(8) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrants pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrants have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrants of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrants in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrants will, unless in the opinion of their counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by them is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Philadelphia, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, on February 28, 2023.

 

BRANDYWINE REALTY TRUST
By:   /s/ Gerard H. Sweeney
  Name: Gerard H. Sweeney
  Title: President and Chief Executive Officer

 

BRANDYWINE OPERATING
PARTNERSHIP, L.P.

 

By:   Brandywine Realty Trust, its General Partner

 

By:   /s/ Gerard H. Sweeney
  Name: Gerard H. Sweeney
  Title: President and Chief Executive Officer

 

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POWER OF ATTORNEY

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement and Power of Attorney have been signed by the following persons in the capacity and on the dates indicated.

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose name appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Gerard H. Sweeney his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

 

Signature    Title(s)   Date

/s/ Gerard H. Sweeney

Gerard H. Sweeney

  

President, Chief Executive Officer and Trustee

(Principal Executive Officer)

  February 28, 2023

/s/ Thomas E. Wirth

Thomas E. Wirth

  

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

  February 28, 2023

/s/ Daniel Palazzo

Daniel Palazzo

  

Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

(Principal Accounting Officer)

  February 28, 2023

/s/ James C. Diggs

James C. Diggs

  

Non-Executive Chairman of the Board of Trustees and Trustee

  February 28, 2023

/s/ Reginald DesRoches

Reginald DesRoches

  

Trustee

  February 28, 2023

/s/ H. Richard Haverstick, Jr.

H. Richard Haverstick, Jr.

  

Trustee

  February 28, 2023

/s/ Terri A. Herubin

Terri A. Herubin

  

Trustee

  February 28, 2023

/s/ Joan Lau, Ph.D.

Joan Lau, Ph.D.

  

Trustee

  February 28, 2023

/s/ Charles P. Pizzi

Charles P. Pizzi

  

Trustee

  February 28, 2023

 

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EX-5.1

Exhibit 5.1

 

 

Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP

3000 Two Logan Square, Eighteenth and Arch Streets

Philadelphia, PA 19103-2799

  LOGO
troutman.com  

 

February 28, 2023

Brandywine Realty Trust

2929 Arch Street, Suite 1800

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

 

  Re:

Registration Statement on Form S-3

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to Brandywine Realty Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust (the “Company”), and Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (the “Partnership” and together with the Company, the “Registrants”), in connection with the filing by the Registrants of a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (the “Registration Statement”) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on the date hereof, relating to the registration of: (a) common shares of beneficial interest, $.01 par value per share, of the Company (“Common Shares”), (b) one or more series of preferred shares of beneficial interest, $.01 par value per share, of the Company (“Preferred Shares”), (c) one or more series of Preferred Shares represented by depositary shares (“Depositary Shares”), (d) subscription rights to purchase Common Shares (“Subscription Rights”), (e) warrants to purchase Common Shares, Preferred Shares or Depositary Shares (“Warrants”) and (f) debt securities of the Partnership (“Debt Securities”), which will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company (“Guarantees,” and together with the Common Shares, the Preferred Shares, the Depositary Shares, the Subscription Rights, and the Warrants, collectively, the “Securities”). The Securities may be offered and sold, from time to time, as set forth in the prospectus which forms a part of the Registration Statement, and as may be set forth in one or more supplements to the prospectus, after the Registration Statement becomes effective. Unless otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms used herein shall have the respective meanings assigned to them in the Registration Statement.

In connection with our representation of the Company and the Partnership, and as a basis for the opinion hereinafter set forth, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of the following documents (collectively, the “Documents”):

1. The Registration Statement and the related form of prospectus included therein in the form in which it was transmitted to the Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), on the date hereof;

2. The Indenture dated as of October 22, 2004, by and among the Registrants and The Bank of New York Mellon as Trustee (as supplemented and/or amended, including by the First Supplemental Indenture dated as of May 25, 2005, by the Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of October 4, 2006, and by the Third Supplemental Indenture dated as of April 5, 2011, the “Indenture”);


Brandywine Realty Trust

Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3

February 28, 2023

Page 2

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3. The Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the Company, as amended and supplemented through the date hereof (the “Declaration”), certified as of a recent date by the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland;

4. The Bylaws of the Company, as amended and supplemented through the date hereof (the “Bylaws”), certified as of a recent date by an officer of the Company;

5. The Certificate of Limited Partnership of the Partnership (the “Certificate”), certified as of a recent date by the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware;

6. The Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Partnership, as amended and supplemented through the date hereof (the “Partnership Agreement”), certified as of a recent date by an officer of the Company, in the Company’s capacity as the sole general partner of the Partnership;

7. Resolutions adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Company (acting on behalf of the Company in its own capacity and in the Company’s capacity as sole general partner of the Partnership) relating to the registration of the Securities, certified as of a recent date by an officer of the Company; and

8. Such other documents and matters as we have deemed necessary or appropriate to express the opinion set forth in this letter, subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein.

In expressing the opinion set forth below, we have assumed, and so far as is known to us there are no facts inconsistent with, the following:

1. Each individual executing or delivering any of the Documents, whether on behalf of such individual or another person, is legally competent to do so;

2. Each individual executing or delivering any of the Documents on behalf of a party (other than the Company or the Partnership) is duly authorized to do so;

3. Each of the parties (other than the Company or the Partnership) executing or delivering any of the Documents has duly and validly executed and delivered each of the Documents to which such party is a signatory, and such party’s obligations set forth therein are legal, valid and binding and are enforceable in accordance with all stated terms;

4. All Documents submitted to us as originals are authentic. All Documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies conform to the original documents. All signatures on all such Documents are genuine. All public records reviewed or relied upon by us or on our behalf are true and complete. All statements and information contained in the Documents and in the factual representations to us by officers of the Company are true and complete. There has been no oral or written modifications or amendments to the Documents and there has been no waiver of any provisions of any of the Documents, by action or conduct of the parties or otherwise;


Brandywine Realty Trust

Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3

February 28, 2023

Page 3

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5. The form of certificate, receipt or other instrument or document representing the Securities approved subsequent to the date hereof will conform in all respects to the requirements applicable under Maryland law;

6. The Securities will be issued against payment of valid consideration under applicable law and consistent with the authorization of such issuance by the Board of Trustees of the Company, or a duly authorized and empowered committee thereof; and

7. The outstanding shares of beneficial interest of the Company have not been and will not be transferred in violation of any restriction on ownership and transfer set forth in Article 6 of the Declaration or other organizational document of the Company. The Securities will not be issued or transferred in violation of any restriction on ownership and transfer set forth in Article 6 of the Declaration or other organizational document of the Company.

For the purposes of the opinions set forth below, we have assumed that the issuance of, and certain terms of, the Securities that may be issued from time to time will have been duly authorized and established by proper action of the Partnership or the Company, as applicable, or, with respect to the Guarantees of the Company, consistent with the procedures and terms described in the Registration Statement and, in each case, in accordance with (a) the Certificate, the Partnership Agreement and applicable Delaware law, with respect to the Partnership and (b) the Declaration and Bylaws and applicable Maryland law, with respect to the Company, and in a manner that does not violate any law, government or court-imposed order or restriction or agreement or instrument then binding on the Partnership or the Company, respectively (the “Authorizing Proceedings”).

In expressing the opinions set forth below, we have further assumed that (i) prior to any issuance of Preferred Shares or Depositary Shares, such Preferred Shares shall be classified in accordance with the Declaration and applicable Maryland law, and appropriate Articles Supplementary to the Declaration shall be duly filed for recordation with the Maryland State Department of Assessments and Taxation (ii) any Depositary Shares offered and sold will be issued by a depositary (as defined below) under one or more deposit agreements (each, a “Deposit Agreement”), each between the Company and a financial institution identified therein as depositary (each, a “Depositary”), that creates legal, valid and binding obligations of the parties thereto (other than the Company); (iii) any Subscription Rights offered and sold will be issued under a Subscription Agreement (a “Subscription Agreement”) that creates legal, valid and binding obligations of the parties thereto (other than the Company); (iv) any Warrants offered and sold will be issued under a warrant agreement (a “Warrant Agreement”) that creates legal, valid and binding obligations of the parties thereto (other than the Company); (v) any Debt Securities offered and sold will be issued pursuant to and governed by the Indenture; (vi) the Trustee is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization, (vii) the Trustee is duly qualified to engage in the activities contemplated by the Indenture; (viii) the Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Trustee and constitutes the valid and binding obligation of the Trustee enforceable against the Trustee in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations; and (ix) the Trustee has the requisite organization and legal power and authority to perform its obligations under the Indenture.


Brandywine Realty Trust

Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3

February 28, 2023

Page 4

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Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein, we are of the opinion that:

1. Upon the completion of all Authorizing Proceedings relating to the Securities that are Common Shares, or of which Common Shares are a component, and the due execution and delivery of certificates evidencing such Common Shares or Securities of which Common Shares are a component, and assuming that at the time of any offering or sale of such Common Shares, the Company shall have such number of Common Shares as are included in such offering or sale, authorized and available for issuance, the Common Shares will be duly authorized and, when and if delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Company, or a duly authorized and empowered committee thereof, authorizing their issuance, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

2. Upon the completion of all Authorizing Proceedings relating to the Securities that are Preferred Shares, or of which Preferred Shares are a component, and upon the classification of such Preferred Shares in accordance with applicable law and the filing of appropriate Articles Supplementary to the Declaration and the due execution, countersignature and delivery of certificates evidencing such Preferred Shares, and assuming that at the time of any offering or sale of such Preferred Shares or Securities of which Preferred Shares are a component, the Company shall have such number of Preferred Shares as are included in such offering or sale, authorized and available for issuance, the Preferred Shares will be duly authorized and, when and if delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Company, or a duly authorized and empowered committee thereof, authorizing their issuance, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

3. Upon the completion of all Authorizing Proceedings relating to a Deposit Agreement and a series of Preferred Shares underlying a series of Depositary Shares (and subject to the assumption expressed in opinion paragraph 2 above), and upon the classification of such Preferred Shares in accordance with applicable law and the filing of appropriate Articles Supplementary to the Declaration and the due execution, countersignature and delivery of the Deposit Agreement and certificates evidencing the Preferred Shares and depositary receipts evidencing the Depositary Shares (the “Depositary Receipts”) in the form provided by the Deposit Agreement, such Depositary Shares will be duly authorized and, and when delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Company, or a duly authorized and empowered committee thereof, authorizing their issuance, will be legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, and subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law).


Brandywine Realty Trust

Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3

February 28, 2023

Page 5

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4. Upon completion of all Authorizing Proceedings relating to Securities that are Subscription Rights and the due execution and delivery of the Subscription Agreement for the Subscription Rights and certificates representing such Subscription Rights, and assuming that at the time of any offering or sale of such Subscription Rights, the Company shall have such number of Common Shares as are issuable upon exercise of such Subscription Rights, authorized and available for issuance, the Subscription Rights will be duly authorized and, when and if delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Company, or a duly authorized and empowered committee thereof, authorizing their issuance, will be legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, and subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law).

5. Upon completion of all Authorizing Proceedings relating to Securities that are Warrants and the due execution and delivery of the Warrant Agreement for the Warrants and certificates representing such Warrants, and assuming that at the time of any offering or sale of such Warrants, the Company shall have such number of Common Shares and/or Preferred Shares as are issuable upon exercise of such Warrants, authorized and available for issuance, the Warrants will be duly authorized and, when and if delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Company, or a duly authorized and empowered committee thereof, authorizing their issuance, will be legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, and subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law).

6. Upon completion of all Authorizing Proceedings relating to Securities that are Debt Securities, and upon the due execution, authentication and delivery of the Debt Securities pursuant to the Indenture, the Debt Securities will be duly authorized by all necessary partnership action of the Partnership, and, when and if delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the Partnership resolutions authorizing their issuance, and when and if delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Company, or a duly authorized and empowered committee thereof, authorizing their issuance, will be legal, valid and binding obligations of the Partnership, enforceable against the Partnership in accordance with their terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, and subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law).


Brandywine Realty Trust

Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3

February 28, 2023

Page 6

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7. Upon completion of all Authorizing Proceedings relating to Securities that are Guarantees, and upon the due execution, authentication and delivery of the Guarantees pursuant to the Indenture, the Guarantees will be duly authorized by all necessary action of the Company, and when and if delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Company, or a duly authorized and empowered committee thereof, authorizing their issuance, such Guarantees will be legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, and subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law).

We assume no obligation to supplement this opinion if any applicable law changes after the date hereof or if we become aware of any fact that might change the opinion expressed herein after the date hereof.

The foregoing opinions are limited to the substantive laws of the State of Delaware and the State of Maryland, and we do not express any opinion herein concerning any other law. We express no opinion as to compliance with any federal or state securities laws, including the securities laws of the State of Delaware and the State of Maryland, or as to federal or state laws regarding fraudulent transfers. We assume no obligation to supplement this opinion letter if any applicable law changes after the date hereof or if we become aware of any fact that might change the opinion expressed herein after the date hereof.

This opinion letter is being furnished to you for your submission to the Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the use of the name of our firm therein and under the section “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus included in the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required by Section 7 of the 1933 Act.

 

Very truly yours,
/s/ Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP
TROUTMAN PEPPER HAMILTON SANDERS LLP
EX-8.1

Exhibit 8.1

 

Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP

3000 Two Logan Square, Eighteenth and Arch Streets

Philadelphia, PA 19103-2799

 

troutman.com

   LOGO

February 28, 2023

Brandywine Realty Trust

2929 Arch Street, Suite 1800

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to Brandywine Realty Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust (the “Company”), and to Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), in connection with the preparation of the Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed by the Company and Operating Partnership under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on the date hereof (the “Registration Statement”). All capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings ascribed to them in the Registration Statement.

The opinions expressed herein are based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), Treasury regulations thereunder (including proposed and temporary Treasury regulations) and interpretations of the foregoing as expressed in court decisions, legislative history and administrative determinations of the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) (including its practices and policies in issuing private letter rulings, which are not binding on the IRS, except with respect to a taxpayer that receives such a ruling), all as of the date hereof. This opinion represents our best legal judgment with respect to the probable outcome on the merits and is not binding on the IRS or the courts. There can be no assurance that positions contrary to our opinion will not be taken by the IRS, or that a court considering the issues would not reach a conclusion contrary to such opinions. No assurance can be given that future legislative, judicial or administrative changes, on either a prospective or retroactive basis, would not adversely affect the opinions expressed herein.

In rendering the opinions expressed herein, we have examined such statutes, regulations, records, certificates and other documents as we have considered necessary or appropriate as a basis for such opinions, including: (1) the Registration Statement (including the documents incorporated therein by reference); (2) the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the Company, as amended or supplemented through the date hereof; (3) the Bylaws of the Company, as amended or supplemented through the date hereof; and (4) the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership, as amended or supplemented through the date hereof, of the Operating Partnership.

In rendering the opinions expressed herein, we have relied upon written representations as to factual matters of the Company and Operating Partnership contained in a letter to us dated the date hereof regarding their consolidated assets, operations and activities (the “Management Representation Letter”). We have not made an independent investigation or audit of the facts set forth in the Management Representation Letter or in any other document. We consequently have relied upon the accuracy of the representations as to factual matters in the Management Representation Letter. After inquiry, we are not aware of any facts or circumstances contrary to, or inconsistent with, the representations that we have relied upon or the other assumptions set forth herein. Our opinion is limited to the tax matters specifically covered herein, and we have not addressed, nor have we been asked to address, any other tax matters relevant to the Company, the Operating Partnership or any other person.


Brandywine Realty Trust

February 28, 2023

Page 2

 

       

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We have assumed, with your consent, that, insofar as relevant to the opinions expressed herein:

I. The Company has been and will be operated in the manner described in the Management Representation Letter and the Registration Statement (including in the documents incorporated therein by reference);

II. All of the obligations imposed by the documents that we reviewed have been and will continue to be performed or satisfied in accordance with their terms; and all of such documents have been properly executed, are valid originals or authentic copies of valid originals, and all signatures thereon are genuine;

III. All representations made in the Management Representation Letter (and other factual information provided to us) are true, correct and complete and will continue to be true, correct and complete, and any representation or statement made in the Management Representation Letter “to the best of knowledge,” “to the knowledge” or “to the actual knowledge” of any person(s) or party(ies) or similarly qualified is true, correct and complete as if made without such qualification; and

IV. All documents that we have reviewed have been properly executed, are valid originals or authentic copies of valid originals, and all signatures thereon are genuine.

Based upon, and subject to, the foregoing and the discussion below, we are of the opinion that:

A. Commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 1986, the Company has, since the effective date of its REIT election, been organized and operated in a manner so as to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Code, and the Company’s proposed method of operation will enable it to continue to qualify for taxation as a REIT.

B. The discussion in the Registration Statement under the heading “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations,” to the extent that it describes provisions of federal income tax law and regulations or legal conclusions with respect thereto, is correct in all material respects.

We assume no obligation to advise you of any changes in our opinion subsequent to the date of this letter. The Company’s qualification for taxation as a REIT depends upon the Company’s ability to meet, on a continuing basis, through actual annual operating and other results, the requirements of the Code, including the requirements with regard to the sources of its gross income, the composition of its assets, the level of its distributions to shareholders and the diversity of its share ownership. We will not review the Company’s compliance with these requirements on a continuing basis. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the actual results of the Company’s operations, the sources of its income, the nature of its assets, the level of its distributions to shareholders and the diversity of its share ownership for any given taxable year will satisfy the requirements under the Code for qualification and taxation as a REIT.


Brandywine Realty Trust

February 28, 2023

Page 3

 

       

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This opinion letter is being furnished to you for your submission to the Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. We hereby consent to the reference to our firm under the Section “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus included in the Registration Statement and to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the 1933 Act.

 

Very truly yours,
/s/ Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP
TROUTMAN PEPPER HAMILTON SANDERS LLP
EX-23.1

Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-3 of Brandywine Realty Trust of our report dated February 21, 2023 relating to the financial statements, financial statement schedules and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in Brandywine Realty Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

February 28, 2023

EX-23.2

Exhibit 23.2

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-3 of Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. of our report dated February 21, 2023 relating to the financial statements, financial statement schedules and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

February 28, 2023

EX-25.1

Exhibit 25.1

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM T-1

 

 

STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY

UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939

OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE

 

CHECK IF AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINE ELIGIBILITY OF A TRUSTEE PURSUANT TO SECTION 305(b)(2)

 

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON

(Exact name of trustee as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

New York   13-5160382

(Jurisdiction of incorporation

if not a U.S. national bank)

 

(I.R.S. employer

identification no.)

240 Greenwich Street, New York, N.Y.   10286
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

 

 

BRANDYWINE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.

(Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   23-2862640

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. employer

identification no.)

2929 Arch Street, Suite 1800

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

  19104
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

 

 

BRANDYWINE REALTY TRUST

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Maryland   23-2413352

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. employer

identification no.)

2929 Arch Street, Suite 1800

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

  19104
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

 

 

Debt Securities

and Guarantees of Debt Securities

(Title of the indenture securities)

 

 

 


1.

General information. Furnish the following information as to the Trustee:

 

  (a)

Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.

 

Name

  

Address

Superintendent of the Department of Financial Services of the State of New York    One State Street, New York, N.Y. 10004-1417, and Albany, N.Y. 12223
Federal Reserve Bank of New York    33 Liberty Street, New York, N.Y. 10045
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation   

550 17th Street, NW

Washington, D.C. 20429

The Clearing House Association L.L.C.   

100 Broad Street

New York, N.Y. 10004

 

  (b)

Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.

Yes.

 

2.

Affiliations with Obligor.

If the obligor is an affiliate of the trustee, describe each such affiliation.

None.

 

16.

List of Exhibits.

Exhibits identified in parentheses below, on file with the Commission, are incorporated herein by reference as an exhibit hereto, pursuant to Rule 7a-29 under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (the “Act”).

 

  1.

A copy of the Organization Certificate of The Bank of New York Mellon (formerly known as The Bank of New York, itself formerly Irving Trust Company) as now in effect, which contains the authority to commence business and a grant of powers to exercise corporate trust powers. (Exhibit 1 to Amendment No. 1 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-6215, Exhibits 1a and 1b to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-21672, Exhibit 1 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-29637, Exhibit 1 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 333-121195 and Exhibit 1 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 333-152735).

 

- 2 -


  4.

A copy of the existing By-laws of the Trustee (Exhibit 4 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 333-261533).

 

  6.

The consent of the Trustee required by Section 321(b) of the Act (Exhibit 6 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 333-229519).

 

  7.

A copy of the latest report of condition of the Trustee published pursuant to law or to the requirements of its supervising or examining authority.

 

- 3 -


SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Act, the Trustee, The Bank of New York Mellon, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, has duly caused this statement of eligibility to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in the City of New York, and State of New York, on the 16th day of February, 2023.

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
By:  

/s/ Francine Kincaid

  Name:   Francine Kincaid
  Title:   Vice President

 

- 4 -


EXHIBIT 7

 

 

Consolidated Report of Condition of

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON

of 240 Greenwich Street, New York, N.Y. 10286

And Foreign and Domestic Subsidiaries, a member of the Federal Reserve System, at the close of business September 30, 2022, published in accordance with a call made by the Federal Reserve Bank of this District pursuant to the provisions of the Federal Reserve Act.

 

     Dollar amounts in thousands  

ASSETS

  

Cash and balances due from depository institutions:

  

Noninterest-bearing balances and currency and coin

     3,792,000  

Interest-bearing balances

     116,157,000  

Securities:

  

Held-to-maturity securities

     57,255,000  

Available-for-sale debt securities

     86,452,000  

Equity securities with readily determinable fair values not held for trading

     1,000  

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell:

  

Federal funds sold in domestic offices

     0  

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

     7,901,000  

Loans and lease financing receivables:

  

Loans and leases held for sale

     0  

Loans and leases held for investment

     33,860,000  

LESS: Allowance for loan and lease losses

     144,000  

Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance

     33,716,000  

Trading assets

     7,533,000  

Premises and fixed assets (including capitalized leases)

     2,838,000  

Other real estate owned

     3,000  

Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and associated companies

     1,309,000  

Direct and indirect investments in real estate ventures

     0  

Intangible assets

     6,875,000  

Other assets

     20,822,000  
  

 

 

 

Total assets

     344,654,000  
  

 

 

 


LIABILITIES

  

Deposits:

  

In domestic offices

     194,373,000  

Noninterest-bearing

     85,878,000  

Interest-bearing

     108,495,000  

In foreign offices, Edge and Agreement subsidiaries, and IBFs

     107,970,000  

Noninterest-bearing

     4,897,000  

Interest-bearing

     103,073,000  

Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase:

  

Federal funds purchased in domestic offices

     0  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

     3,815,000  

Trading liabilities

     3,907,000  

Other borrowed money:
(includes mortgage indebtedness and obligations under capitalized leases)

     365,000  

Not applicable

  

Not applicable

  

Subordinated notes and debentures

     0  

Other liabilities

     8,323,000  
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     318,753,000  
  

 

 

 

EQUITY CAPITAL

  

Perpetual preferred stock and related surplus

     0  

Common stock

     1,135,000  

Surplus (exclude all surplus related to preferred stock)

     11,906,000  

Retained earnings

     17,582,000  

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     -4,722,000  

Other equity capital components

     0  

Total bank equity capital

     25,901,000  

Noncontrolling (minority) interests in consolidated subsidiaries

     0  

Total equity capital

     25,901,000  
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity capital

     344,654,000  
  

 

 

 


I, Emily Portney, Chief Financial Officer of the above-named bank do hereby declare that this Report of Condition is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Emily Portney

Chief Financial Officer

We, the undersigned directors, attest to the correctness of this statement of resources and liabilities. We declare that it has been examined by us, and to the best of our knowledge and belief has been prepared in conformance with the instructions and is true and correct.

 

Robin A. Vance

Frederick O. Terrell

Joseph J. Echevarria

 

    

   Directors
EX-FILING FEES

Exhibit 107

Calculation of Filing Fee Table

Form S-3

(Form Type)

BRANDYWINE REALTY TRUST

BRANDYWINE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Table 1: Newly Registered and Carry Forward Securities

 

                         
     Security
Type
  Security
Class
Title (1)
 

Fee
Calculation
or Carry
Forward

Rule(2)

  Amount
Registered(3)
  Proposed
Maximum
Offering
Price
Per Unit(3)
  Maximum
Aggregate
Offering
Price(3)
 

Fee

Rate(2)

  Amount of
Registration
Fee(2)
 

Carry
Forward
Form

Type

 

Carry
Forward
File

Number

  Carry
Forward
Initial
effective
date
 

Filing Fee
Previously

Paid In
Connection
with
Unsold
Securities
to be
Carried
Forward

Newly Registered Securities

Fees to Be

Paid

  Equity   Common Stock, par value $.01 per share   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)                          
    Equity   Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)                          
    Equity   Depositary Shares   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)                          
    Other   Subscription Rights   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)                          
    Other   Warrants   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)                          
    Debt (4)   Debt Securities   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)                          
    Debt   Guarantees   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)                          

Fees

Previously

Paid

                                 

Carry Forward Securities

Carry

Forward

Securities

                             
    Total Offering Amounts                             
    Total Fees Previously Paid                               
    Total Fee Offsets                               
    Net Fee Due                               

 

1


(1)

The debt securities will be issued by Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. The guarantees will be issued by Brandywine Realty Trust. All other securities registered hereby will be issued by Brandywine Realty Trust. The securities covered by this Registration Statement may be offered and sold or otherwise distributed separately or together with any other securities covered by this Registration Statement. This Registration Statement covers offers, sales and other distributions of the securities listed in this table from time to time at prices to be determined, as well as preferred shares distributable upon the termination of a deposit arrangement for depositary shares so offered, sold or distributed, and common shares issuable upon the exchange or conversion of preferred shares so offered, sold or distributed that are exchangeable for or convertible into common shares or upon the exercise of subscription rights or warrants so offered, sold or distributed. This Registration Statement also covers preferred shares, depositary shares, common shares, subscription rights and warrants that may be offered, sold or distributed under delayed delivery contracts pursuant to which the counterparty may be required to purchase such securities, as well as such contracts themselves. Such contracts would be issued with the preferred shares, depositary shares, common shares, subscription rights and/or warrants. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of common shares, preferred shares, depository shares, subscription rights or warrants.

 

(2)

In accordance with Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fee.

 

(3)

An unspecified number of shares of securities are being registered as may, from time to time, be offered at indeterminate prices.

 

(4)

Debt securities issued by Brandywine Operating Partnership, L.P. will be accompanied by guarantees issued by Brandywine Realty Trust. None of the proceeds will be received by Brandywine Realty Trust for the guarantees. Pursuant to Rule 457(n) under the Securities Act, no separate filing fee for the guarantees is required.

 

2